An 2008.

Methods	Randomized controlled trial January 2006 to January 2007
Participants	Patients with histologically confirmed colon cancer undergoing elective resection Participants randomized: 51 (27 CHO, 24 fasting) Participants analysed: 51 (27 CHO, 24 fasting) Exclusions: diabetes mellitus, medication use that might affect insulin sensitivity, renal or hepatic insufficiency, inflammation
Interventions	Carbohydrates: oral beverage containing 50 g of carbohydrates in 200 mL administered 3 hours before anaesthesia Fasting: nil by mouth for 6 hours for solids and 2 hours for liquids before surgery
Outcomes	Length of hospital stay, postop time to passage of flatus
Notes
Risk of bias
Bias	Authors' judgement	Support for judgement
Random sequence generation (selection bias)	Unclear risk	Details of sequence generation not reported
Allocation concealment (selection bias)	Unclear risk	Details of allocation concealment not reported
Blinding of participants and personnel (performance bias) All outcomes	High risk	Participants and personnel were not blinded; this may affect subjective outcomes
Blinding of outcome assessment (detection bias) All outcomes	High risk	Participants and personnel were not blinded; this may affect subjective outcomes
Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) All outcomes	Low risk	No postrandomization withdrawals reported in this study
Selective reporting (reporting bias)	Unclear risk	Trial protocol was not published, and not all important outcomes were reported
Other bias	Low risk	No other important threats to validity have been identified in this study; however limited information is available in the text