Table 1.

Current therapy and challenges for cerebral, cardiac, and renal IRI

Types	Current therapy	Major challenges
Cerebral IRI	Antioxidants, hypothermia, remote ischemic conditioning	BBB disruption [12], seizures, malignant cerebral edema [13]
Cardiac IRI	Antioxidants, hypothermia, remote ischemic conditioning [14]	Exacerbated and accelerated myocardial injury [15]
Renal IRI	Antioxidants, remote ischemic conditioning [16]	Risk of progression to chronic kidney disease [17]