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. 2024 Apr 30;15:3610. doi: 10.1038/s41467-024-47300-w

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© The Author(s) 2024

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 2 — a Estradiol concentrations in control and pubertally stressed females at the age of P40. Mann–Whitney test (two-tailed): U = 98, p = 0.535. n = 12 for the control, and n = 19 for the pubertal stress group. b Estradiol concentration at the age of P60. Two-tailed Mann–Whitney test: U = 81, p = 0.4379. Control: n = 11; pubertal stress: n = 18. c Progesterone concentration at the age of P60 in control subjects as well as females that were exposed to pubertal stress. Mann–Whitney test: U = 82, p = 0.724. n = 10 and n = 18 for control and pubertal stress, respectively. d Schematic representation of blood sampling procedures to measure the levels of corticosterone and DHEA by ELISA. EPM: elevated plus maze. Figure created with BioRender.com. e Levels of plasma corticosterone in control and pubertally stressed females under home cage conditions (n = 17 for the control group, and n = 6 for pubertal stress) and following exposure to the elevated plus maze (n = 18 for the control group, and n = 12 for the pubertally stressed females). Two-way RM ANOVA; Group effect: F(1,28) = 2.247, p = 0.145; Treatment effect: F(1,31) = 139.4, p < 0.0001); Group × Treatment effect: F (1,21) = 0.7097). f Concentration of DHEA in plasma at the baseline (home cage; n = 9 for the control group, and n = 5 for the pubertal stress group) versus response (exposure to the EPM; n = 15 and n = 11 for the control and pubertal stress groups, respectively) of the HPA axis. Two-way RM ANOVA; group effect: F(1,36) = 6.062, p = 0.0187; treatment effect: F(1,36) = 22.84, p < 0.0001; Group × treatment effect: F(1,36) = 0.0598. g Corticosterone/DHEA ratio at the baseline (n = 9 and 5 for the control and pubertal stress group, respectively) and following exposure to the elevated plus maze (response: n = 15 and 11 for the control and pubertal stress group, respectively). Two-way RM ANOVA; group effect: F(1, 25) = 1.674, p = 0.207; Treatment effect: F(1, 11) = 88.03, p < 0.0001; group × treatment effect: F(1,11) = 1.134, p = 0.309. Data are presented as mean ± SEM. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.