Table 2.
Characteristics of the studied adolescents and univariate analysis of primary headache disorders in eastern Sudan (n = 401) (2023).
| Variable | Total (n = 401) | Adolescents with primary headache disorders (81/401 = 20.2%) | Adolescents without primary headache disorders (320/384 = 79.8%) | Unadjusted risk ratios (95% confidence interval) | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Median (Interquartile range) | ||||||
| Age, years | 14.0 (12.1–16.2) | 15.2 (12.6–17.0) | 13.7 (11.9–16.0) | 1.10 (1.02–1.18) | 0.006 | |
| Body mass index, kg/m2 | 16.9 (15.2–20.2) | 17.4 (15.5–21.11) | 16.8 (15.1–19.8) | 1.01 (0.97–1.04) | 0.513 | |
| Frequency (proportion) | ||||||
| Gender | Male | 186 (46.4) | 26 (32.1) | 160 (50.0) | Reference | |
| Female | 215 (53.6) | 55 (67.9) | 160 (50.0) | 1.16 (1.05–1.28) | 0.004 | |
| Mother’s education level | ≥ Secondary | 280 (69.8) | 60 (74.1) | 220 (68.8) | Reference | |
| < Secondary | 121 (30.2) | 21 (25.9) | 100 (31.3) | 0.95 (0.85–1.05) | 0.331 | |
| Mother’s occupation | Housewife | 328 (81.8) | 67 (82.7) | 261 (81.6) | Reference | |
| Employed | 73 (18.2) | 14 (17.3) | 59 (18.4) | 0.98 (0.86–1.11) | 0.827 | |
| Father’s education | ≥ Secondary | 302 (75.3) | 64 (79.0) | 238 (74.4) | Reference | |
| < Secondary | 99 (24.7) | 17 (21.0) | 82 (25.6) | 0.95 (0.85–1.05) | 0.465 | |
| Father’s occupation | Skilled | 159 (39.7) | 28 (24.6) | 131 (40.9) | Reference | |
| Labor | 242 (60.3) | 53 (65.4) | 189 (59.1) | 0.94 (0.85–1.04) | 0.507 | |
| Smoking/snuff | No | 393 (98.0) | 81 (100.0) | 312 (97.5) | Reference | 0.323 |
| Yes | 8 (2.0) | 0 (0.0) | 8 (2.5) | 0.79 (0.76–0.84) | ||