Table 5.
The relationship between HEI-2015 and osteoporosis in demographic subgroups.
| Characteristics | T1 | T2 | T3 | P for interaction | P for trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age group (n/%) | 0.3447 | ||||
| Middle-aged adults (50–64 y) | Ref | 0.57 (0.29,1.13) | 0.35 (0.14,0.83) | 0.020 | |
| Older adults (≥65 y) | Ref | 0.56 (0.34,0.91) | 0.54 (0.32,0.93) | 0.033 | |
| Race (n/%) | 0.7028 | ||||
| Non-Hispanic White | Ref | 0.54 (0.33,0.90) | 0.42 (0.23,0.77) | 0.006 | |
| Non-Hispanic Black | Ref | 0.87 (0.26,2.93) | 0.85 (0.32,2.30) | 0.753 | |
| Mexican Americans | Ref | 0.54 (0.26,1.13) | 0.71 (0.25,2.00) | 0.507 | |
| Other races | Ref | 0.82 (0.25,2.05) | 0.56 (0.23,1.39) | 0.207 | |
| Education level (n/%) | 0.1092 | ||||
| < High school | Ref | 0.79 (0.40,1.58) | 0.30 (0.11,0.82) | 0.015 | |
| High school | Ref | 1.04 (0.50,2.16) | 0.98 (0.46,2.08) | 0.971 | |
| >High school | Ref | 0.40 (0.21,0.77) | 0.38 (0.19,0.76) | 0.011 | |
| Family income level (n/%) | 0.0210 | ||||
| Low | Ref | 0.98 (0.52,1.85) | 0.71 (0.36,1.43) | 0.365 | |
| Medium | Ref | 0.94 (0.54,1.64) | 0.63 (0.31,1.27) | 0.188 | |
| High | Ref | 0.22 (0.10,0.48) | 0.26 (0.13,0.53) | 0.001 | |
| Marital status (n/%) | 0.7524 | ||||
| Married or living with partner | Ref | 0.61 (0.35,1.08) | 0.59 (0.33,1.06) | 0.081 | |
| Divorced, separated, or widowed | Ref | 0.52 (0.28,0.99) | 0.42 (0.21,0.83) | 0.013 | |
| Never married | Ref | 1.02 (0.30,1.47) | 0.28 (0.05,1.65) | 0.155 |
All models were fully adjusted for demographics data, BMI status, smoking status, alcohol consumption, LTPA, total energy intake, serum calcium and vitamin D, and comorbidity.