Table 2.
Propensity Score Matching Results Between Patients With DM Plus SCT and DM Minus Sickle-Cell Disorders
| Characteristics | Before Matching |
After Matching |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| DM w/out SCD (n = 7 352 765) | DM with SCT (n = 12 895) | Std. Diff. | DM w/out SCD (n = 12 748) | DM with SCT (n = 12 748) | Std. Diff. | |
| Age, mean (SD) | 59.3 (16.2) | 50.2 (16.9) | 0.551 | 50.2 (16.9) | 50.2 (16.9) | 0.005 |
| Sex, No. (%) | ||||||
| Male | 3 464 981 (48.98) | 3377 (26.49) | 0.477 | 3380 (26.51) | 3377 (26.49) | 0.0005 |
| Female | 3 449 571 (48.76) | 9182 (72.03) | 0.489 | 9179 (72.00) | 9182 (72.03) | 0.0005 |
| Ethnicity, No. (%) | ||||||
| Non-Hispanic/LatinX | 4 083 243 (57.72) | 8872 (69.59) | 0.249 | 8895 (69.78) | 8872 (69.59) | 0.004 |
| Hispanic/LatinX | 676 721 (9.56) | 372 (2.91) | 0.277 | 351 (2.75) | 372 (2.91) | 0.009 |
| Race, No. (%) | ||||||
| White | 4 126 545 (58.33) | 494 (3.88) | 1.45 | 469 (3.68) | 494 (3.87) | 0.010 |
| Black or AA | 1 116 860 (15.79) | 9860 (77.35) | 1.56 | 9855 (77.31) | 9860 (77.35) | 0.001 |
| Asian | 289 460 (4.09) | 69 (0.54) | 0.28 | 86 (0.68) | 69 (0.54) | 0.017 |
| American Indian or Alaskan Native | 33 731 (0.48) | 20 (0.16) | 0.07 | 73 (0.57) | 20 (0.16) | 0.069 |
| Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander | 44 089 (0.62) | 10 (0.08) | 0.09 | 65 (0.51) | 10 (0.08) | 0.079 |
| Lab values, mean (SD) | ||||||
| Blood glucose | 144 (71.5) | 135 (72.9) | 0.132 | 136 (73.3) | 135 (72.9) | 0.018 |
| HbA1C | 7.15 (1.92) | 7.04 (2.00) | 0.057 | 6.92 (1.93) | 7.04 (2.00) | 0.059 |
| Comorbidities, No. (%) | ||||||
| Chronic kidney disease | 262 049 (3.70) | 2068 (16.22) | 0.427 | 2038 (15.99) | 2068 (16.22) | 0.006 |
| Hypertension | 1 372 198 (19.39) | 7154 (56.12) | 0.818 | 7162 (56.18) | 7154 (56.12) | 0.001 |
| Hyperlipidemia | 687 949 (9.72) | 3771 (29.58) | 0.516 | 3759 (29.48) | 3771 (29.58) | 0.002 |
AA = African American; DM = diabetes mellitus; No. = number/frequency; SCD = sickle-cell disease; SCT = sickle-cell trait; SD = standard deviation; Std. Diff. = standardized difference.
Those with “unknown” sex, ethnicity, and race were removed from analysis.