Table 3a.
Measurer Errors using Traditional Anthropometric Calipers and Tape Measures: intra-measurer and inter-measurer errors, (5 measurers × 6 manikins)
| Measurer Experience | Trials for each of 6 manikins | Stature (mm) | Cervical Height (mm) | Acromial Height (mm) | Axilla Height (mm) | Chest Height (mm) | Crotch Height (mm) | Acromion-Radiale (mm) | Radiale-Stylion (mm) | Chest Breadth (mm) | Chest Depth (mm) | Foot Breadth (mm) | Foot Length (mm) | Chest Circumference (mm) | Waist Circumference (mm) | Hip Circumference (mm) | Thigh Circumference (mm) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Intra error Expert 1 | Day 1: 3 trials | 2.8 | 1.6 | 2.3 | 1.7 | 2.5 | 5.4 | 5.2 | 2.4 | 1.6 | 1.7 | 0.8 | 1.4 | 6.0 | 3.0 | 9.3 | 3.4 |
| Day 2: 3 trials | 2.4 | 1.4 | 2.4 | 2.7 | 2.6 | 2.3 | 1.6 | 2.1 | 1.6 | 1.5 | 0.7 | 1.0 | 5.5 | 3.4 | 4.3 | 2.3 | |
| Total: 6 trials | 2.9 | 1.8 | 2.8 | 2.9 | 2.9 | 4.2 | 3.7 | 2.7 | 1.9 | 1.8 | 0.8 | 1.5 | 6.2 | 3.7 | 9.1 | 3.1 | |
| Intra error Expert 2 | Day 1: 3 trials | 0.9 | 1.5 | 1.2 | 2.4 | 2.7 | 2.7 | 1.6 | 1.7 | 5.7 | 2.1 | 0.6 | 1.4 | 6.2 | 5.9 | 10.2 | 4.4 |
| Day 2: 3 trials | 2.7 | 2.1 | 2.1 | 3.1 | 1.7 | 2.1 | 1.2 | 1.1 | 3.7 | 3.7 | 0.9 | 1.9 | 5.5 | 6.4 | 7.3 | 3.7 | |
| Total: 6 trials | 1.9 | 2.0 | 2.1 | 3.4 | 3.2 | 2.6 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 4.8 | 3.0 | 1.0 | 1.7 | 9.3 | 6.1 | 8.6 | 4.7 | |
| Intra error Semi Expert 1 | Day 1: 3 trials | 2.4 | 10.1 | 1.5 | 2.4 | 2.2 | 3.0 | 2.2 | 2.7 | 4.7 | 5.4 | 1.3 | 1.2 | 5.5 | 3.3 | 5.7 | 1.5 |
| Day 2: 3 trials | 2.0 | 1.5 | 1.8 | 1.6 | 2.5 | 1.9 | 2.8 | 1.8 | 3.4 | 3.2 | 1.2 | 2.8 | 4.7 | 3.7 | 5.5 | 1.5 | |
| Total: 6 trials | 3.0 | 7.0 | 2.8 | 2.3 | 2.9 | 4.6 | 3.8 | 3.5 | 5.5 | 4.9 | 1.4 | 3.1 | 5.4 | 3.6 | 5.7 | 2.1 | |
| Intra error Semi Expert 2 | Day 1: 3 trials | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.3 | 1.5 | 2.3 | 3.7 | 2.1 | 1.5 | 1.9 | 1.8 | 1.5 | 2.4 | 9.6 | 6.4 | 11.9 | 3.5 |
| Day 2: 3 trials | 2.0 | 3.6 | 3.3 | 4.1 | 2.4 | 3.2 | 1.8 | 2.8 | 3.0 | 1.8 | 2.1 | 3.2 | 8.7 | 7.0 | 6.4 | 3.2 | |
| Total: 6 trials | 3.1 | 4.5 | 4.4 | 6.2 | 4.6 | 4.0 | 2.6 | 2.9 | 2.5 | 2.3 | 1.8 | 2.9 | 12.6 | 6.5 | 9.4 | 4.0 | |
| Intra error Novice 1 | Day 1: 3 trials | 4.3 | 2.9 | 3.2 | 5.3 | 3.5 | 5.4 | 5.3 | 4.9 | 3.6 | 1.5 | 1.9 | 0.7 | 14.7 | 6.3 | 9.2 | 5.6 |
| Day 2: 3 trials | 3.4 | 3.4 | 2.1 | 2.5 | 2.4 | 1.4 | 0.7 | 1.3 | 1.6 | 1.6 | 0.5 | 1.0 | 9.5 | 8.5 | 6.9 | 2.2 | |
| Total: 6 trials | 4.6 | 5.7 | 3.4 | 4.6 | 4.3 | 10.8 | 5.3 | 3.6 | 3.8 | 2.7 | 1.3 | 1.0 | 17.8 | 6.9 | 10.3 | 4.5 | |
| Inter-error | Means: 6 trials | 1.7 | 2.1 | 2.6 | 2.9 | 2.3 | 2.4 | 3.3 | 2.8 | 6.2 | 6.3 | 2.1 | 2.6 | 8.5 | 6.1 | 7.5 | 3.8 |
| Allowable Error | Gordon, 1989 | 11 | 7 | 7 | 10 | 11 | 10 | 4 | 6 | 8 | 4 | 2 | 3 | 15 | 12 | 14 | 6 |
| Hotzman, 2011 | 6 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 9 | 10 | 4 | 6 | 7 | 4 | 2 | 3 | 14 | 12 | -- | 6 |
Bold: Larger than allowable error: 3.8% (6/160 [5 measurers × 2 days × 16 dimensions] = 3.8%) of intra measurer errors and 6.3% (1/16 [16 dimensions] = 6.3%) of inter-measurer errors were larger than allowable errors.