Table 1.
Comparison among the disordered and non-disordered gamers for demographic and independent variables (N = 1134)
| Study Variables | Total (N = 1134) |
Normal gamers (n = 1085) |
Disordered gamers (n = 49) | p value | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographics | ||||||||||
| Regiona, n (%) | ||||||||||
| Hong Kong | 198(17.5) | 195(18) | 3(6.1) | |||||||
| Lanzhou | 303(26.7) | 279(25.7) | 24(49) | |||||||
| Australia | 71(6.3) | 70(6.5) | 1(2) | 0.00*** | ||||||
| Japan | 198(17.5) | 197(18.2) | 1(2) | |||||||
| The Philippines | 364(32.1) | 344(31.7) | 20(40.8) | |||||||
| Age^b, n (%) | ||||||||||
| 18–20 years | 446(39.3) | 426(39.3) | 20(40.8) | |||||||
| 21–23 years | 467(41.2) | 449(41.4) | 18(36.7) | 0.93 | ||||||
| 24–25 years | 220(19.4) | 209(19.3) | 11(22.4) | |||||||
| Gendera, n (%) | ||||||||||
| Male | 610(53.8) | 576(53.1) | 34(69.4) | 0.02* | ||||||
| Female | 524(46.2) | 509(46.9) | 15(30.6) | |||||||
| Education levelb, n (%) | ||||||||||
| Primary school or below | 11(1) | 8(0.7) | 3(6.1) | 0.14 | ||||||
| Secondary school | 171(15.1) | 160(14.7) | 11(22.4) | |||||||
| Undergraduate level | 790(69.7) | 763(70.3) | 27(55.1) | |||||||
| Postgraduate level | 162(14.3) | 154(14.2) | 8(16.3) | |||||||
| Years of playing digital/video gamingb, n(%) | ||||||||||
| 1–4 years | 264(23.3) | 252(23.2) | 12(24.5) | |||||||
| > 4–7 years | 220(19.4) | 212(19.5) | 8(16.3) | 0.86 | ||||||
| > 7–10 years | 188(16.6) | 180(16.6) | 8(16.3) | |||||||
| > 10 years | 462(40.7) | 441(40.6) | 21(42.9) | |||||||
| Daily gaming time over the past month^b, n (%) | ||||||||||
| 0–2 h | 571(50.4) | 552(50.9) | 19(38.8) | < 0.01** | ||||||
| 3–6 h | 436(38.4) | 420(38.7) | 16(32.7) | |||||||
| 7–10 h | 85(7.5) | 78(7.2) | 7(14.3) | |||||||
| > 10 h | 41(3.6) | 34(3.1) | 7(14.3) | |||||||
| Study variables | ||||||||||
| Total GD score^c, x̄(SD) | 17.01(7.17) | 16.18(6.11) | 35.37(3.09) | 0.00*** | ||||||
| Total mindfulness score^ c, x̄(SD) | 3.83(0.89) | 3.86(0.87) | 3.16(1.09) | 0.00*** | ||||||
| Impulsivity score^ c, x̄(SD) | ||||||||||
| Total | 48.16(8.08) | 47.9(8.02) | 53.71(7.52) | 0.00*** | ||||||
| Negative urgency | 10.15(2.67) | 10.08(2.63) | 11.71(2.82) | 0.00*** | ||||||
| Positive urgency | 9.68(2.71) | 9.61(2.69) | 11.14(2.84) | 0.00*** | ||||||
| Sensation seeking | 10.2(2.94) | 10.15(2.94) | 11.31(2.87) | < 0.01** | ||||||
| Lack of perseverance | 9.2(2.8) | 9.18(2.79) | 9.73(2.89) | 0.18 | ||||||
| Lack of premeditation | 8.9(2.59) | 8.86(2.58) | 9.82(2.62) | 0.02* | ||||||
x̄ = mean; SD = standard deviation
GD = Gaming Disorder
^missing data; aChi-Square test; bMann-Whitney U test; cIndependent t test
*<0.05; **<0.01; ***<0.001