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. 2024 Apr 30;24:555. doi: 10.1186/s12913-024-10950-z

Table 1.

Baseline characteristics of participants (N=90)

All participants n (%) DSD-1VL (N=31) n (%) DSD-2VL (N=31) n (%) TAU (N=28) n (%) p
Health center 0.98
 Gikondo 36 (40.0) 13 (41.9) 13 (41.9) 10 (35.7)
 Kicukiro 17 (18.9) 6 (19.4) 5 (16.1) 6 (21.4)
 Remera 37 (41.1) 12 (38.7) 13 (41.9) 12 (42.9)
Age, mean (SD) 30.8 (10.1) 29.97 (9.9) 33.35 (12.6) 28.89 (6.2) 0.20
Gender 0.81
 Man 30 (33.3) 11 (35.5) 11 (35.5) 8 (28.6)
 Woman 60 (66.7) 20 (64.5) 20 (64.5) 20 (71.4)
Marital status 0.89
 Single 74 (82.2) 26 (83.9) 24 (77.4) 24 (85.7)
 Married 10 (11.1) 3 (9.7) 5 (16.1) 2 (7.1)
 Other (separated, divorced, widowed) 6 (6.7) 2 (6.5) 2 (6.5) 2 (7.1)
Education 0.03
 No schooling 21 (23.3) 3 (9.7) 10 (32.3) 8 (28.6)
 Completed primary 46 (51.1) 18 (58.1) 11 (35.5) 17 (60.7)
 Beyond primary (secondary, technical, or university) 23 (25.6) 10 (32.3) 10 (32.3) 3 (10.7)
Median monthly household income in Rwandan Francs, in thousands (interquartile range) 30 (20-60) 40 (20-150) 30 (20-50) 35 (25-50) 0.49
Have health insurance 70 (77.8) 27 (87.1) 21 (67.7) 22 (78.6) 0.20
Employment status 0.43
 Full time 14 (15.6) 6 (19.4) 6 (19.4) 2 (7.1)
 Part time or self-employed 49 (54.5) 16 (51.6) 14 (45.2) 19 (67.9)
 Not employed 27 (30.0) 9 (29.0) 11 (35.5) 7 (25.0)
Number of people to whom HIV status was disclosed (SD) 1.5 (1.9) 1.8 (2.5) 1.5 (2.0) 1.1 (0.9) 0.38
Mean self-scored quality of life as measured by EQ-5D visual analog scale VAS score (SD) 42.9 (16.2) 45.0 (14.0) 45.5 (17.7) 37.9 (16.2) 0.14
Mean internalized stigma score, range 1-5 (SD) 1.9 (0.8) 2.0 (0.8) 1.6 (0.7) 2.1 (0.9) 0.06
Mean anticipated stigma score, range 1-5 (SD) 2.4 (0.7) 2.4 (0.7) 2.4 (0.7) 2.4 (0.8) 0.99
Mean enacted stigma score, range 1-4 (SD) 1.0 (0.11) 1.1 (0.2) 1.0 (0.1) 1.0 (0.0) 0.54
Mean days from care enrollment to ART initiation (SD) 2.2 (3.8) 2.4 (3.4) 2.5 (4.7) 1.8 (3.0) 0.72

SD: standard deviation