Table 1:
Clinical characteristics according to sex.
| Parameters | All patients (n = 1170) | Females (n = 288) | Males (n = 882) | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Preoperative features | ||||
| Age (years), mean ± SD | 66.7 ± 12 | 68 ± 14 | 66 ± 11 | <.001 |
| BMI (kg/m2), mean ± SD | 27 ± 4.6 | 26 ± 6 | 27 ± 4 | <.0001 |
| Diabetes, n (%) | 306 (26) | 62 (22) | 244 (28) | .04 |
| Hypertension, n (%) | 668 (57) | 166 (58) | 502 (58) | .83 |
| PVD, n (%) | 108 (9) | 14 (5) | 94 (11) | <.001 |
| COPD, n (%) | 126 (11) | 35 (12) | 91 (10) | .39 |
| PAH, n (%) | 157 (13.4 | 51 (18) | 106 (12) | .02 |
| EuroSCORE II, mean ± SD | 2.6 ± 3.6 | 3.2 ± 3.4 | 2.4 ± 3.7 | <.0001 |
| LVEF (%), mean ± SD | 56 ± 11 | 59 ± 9 | 55 ± 11 | <.0001 |
| Serum creatinine (μmol/l), mean ± SD | 93 ± 36 | 80 ± 34 | 97 ± 35 | <.0001 |
| eGFR (ml/min.1.73 m2), mean ± SD | 74 ± 21 | 72 ± 23 | 75 ± 20 | .03 |
| Kidney graft recipients, n (%) | 13 (1) | 5 (2) | 8 (1) | .27 |
| Perioperative features | ||||
| Surgery, n (%) | <.0001 | |||
| CAB | 441 (38) | 67 (23) | 374 (42) | |
| Valvular | 374 (32) | 137 (48) | 237 (27) | |
| Combined | 176 (15) | 30 (10) | 146 (17) | |
| Thoracic aorta | 145 (12) | 37 (13) | 108 (12) | |
| Myocardium | 34 (3) | 17 (6) | 17 (2) | |
| Previous cardiac surgery, n (%) | 80 (7) | 30 (10) | 50 (6) | <.01 |
| CBP time (min), mean ± SD | 87 ± 36 | 81 ± 40 | 89 ± 35 | <.0001 |
| RBC transfusion, n (%) | 150 (13) | 74 (26) | 76 (9) | <.0001 |
| Mean ± SD | 0.3 ± 0.9 | 0.6 ± 1.2 | 0.2 ± 0.7 | <.0001 |
| Vasoactive agents, n (%) | 1083 (93) | 272 (94) | 811 (92) | .15 |
| Postoperative features | ||||
| SAPS II score, mean ± SD | 33 ± 12 | 34 ± 12 | 32 ± 11 | <.01 |
| RBC transfusion, n (%) | 306 (26) | 100 (35) | 206 (23) | <.001 |
| Mean ± SD | 0.7 ± 1.8 | 0.9 ± 2.1 | 0.7 ± 1.7 | .001 |
| Vasoactive agents, n (%) | 727 (62) | 181 (63) | 541 (61) | .65 |
| CVP (mmHg), mean ± SD | 12.3 ± 5.5 | 12.3 ± 7.4 | 12.3 ± 4.8 | .48 |
| Infection, n (%) | 195 (17) | 34 (12) | 161 (18) | <.01 |
| Iodinated contrast agents, n (%) | 32 (3) | 8 (3) | 24 (3) | .96 |
| Fluid infusion day 1 | ||||
| ml, mean ± SD | 1182 ± 716 | 1205 ± 713 | 1174 ± 718 | .53 |
| ml/kg, mean ± SD | 16 ± 11 | 19 ± 13 | 15 ± 10 | <.0001 |
| ICU stay (days), mean ± SD | 4.8 ± 6 | 4.7 ± 4.7 | 4.8 ± 6.3 | .29 |
| Outcomes | ||||
| AKI KDIGO stage, n (%) | .99 | |||
| 0 | 875 (74) | 214 (74) | 661 (75) | |
| 1 | 160 (14) | 39 (14) | 121 (14) | |
| 2 | 92 (8) | 24 (8) | 68 (8) | |
| 3 | 43 (4) | 11 (4) | 32 (4) | |
| RRT, n (%) | 32 (3) | 10 (3) | 22 (2) | .52 |
| In-hospital mortality, n (%) | 38 (3) | 13 (4.5) | 25 (2.8) | .18 |
COPD: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; CVP, central venous pressure; PVD: peripheral vascular disease; PAH: pulmonary arterial hypertension.