TABLE 1.
Participan’s characteristics, New York University Children's Health and Environment Study (NYU CHES).
| All participantsa (n = 497) | Fail to use air monitors (n = 224) | Successfully used air monitors (n = 273) | Successfully used air monitors, with geolocation data (n = 115) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, year; mean (SD) | 32.2 (5.6) | 31.7 (5.8) | 33.4 (5.2) | 33.8 (4.9) |
| Race/Ethnicity; n (%) | ||||
| Hispanic | 198 (40.7) | 115 (52.8) | 83 (31.0) | 35 (31.0) |
| Non-hispanic white | 181 (37.2) | 62 (28.4) | 119 (44.4) | 46 (40.7) |
| Non-hispanic black | 34 (7.0) | 19 (8.7) | 15 (5.6) | 8 (7.1) |
| Asian | 57 (11.7) | 18 (8.3) | 39 (14.6) | 19 (16.8) |
| Other | 6 (1.2) | 4 (1.8) | 2 (0.7) | 0 (0) |
| Mixed | 7 (1.4) | 0 (0) | 7 (2.6) | 3 (2.7) |
| Refused to disclose | 3 (0.6) | 0 (0) | 3 (1.1) | 2 (1.8) |
| Education; n (%) | ||||
| High school or less | 105 (24.1) | 61 (33.5) | 44 (17.0) | 21 (19.3) |
| Some college | 41 (9.4) | 23 (12.6) | 18 (7.0) | 7 (6.4) |
| Associate or bachelor's degree | 129 (29.6) | 46 (25.3) | 83 (32.2) | 33 (30.3) |
| Postgraduate degree | 165 (37.8) | 52 (28.6) | 113 (43.8) | 48 (44.0) |
| Marital status; n (%) | ||||
| Married/Partnered | 436 (89.7) | 178 (82.4) | 258 (91.8) | 108 (94.7) |
| Divorced/Separated/Single | 50 (10.3) | 38 (17.6) | 23 (8.2) | 6 (5.3) |
| Household income; n (%) | ||||
| Less than $30,000 | 53 (12.3) | 25 (14.3) | 28 (11.0) | 12 (10.9) |
| $30,000 to $49,999 | 29 (6.7) | 18 (10.3) | 11 (4.3) | 5 (4.5) |
| $50,000 to $99,999 | 51 (11.9) | 19 (10.9) | 32 (12.5) | 16 (14.5) |
| $100,000 or more | 231 (53.7) | 75 (42.9) | 156 (61.2) | 62 (56.5) |
| Do not know | 66 (15.3) | 38 (21.7) | 28 (11.0) | 15 (13.6) |
| Study site; n (%) | ||||
| Brooklyn | 176 (35.4) | 99 (44.2) | 77 (28.2) | 33 (28.7) |
| Manhattan | 321 (64.6) | 125 (55.8) | 196 (71.8) | 82 (71.3) |
| Insurance type; n (%) | ||||
| Private | 264 (64.2) | 89 (50.0) | 175 (75.1) | 71 (73.2) |
| Public | 147 (35.8) | 89 (50.0) | 58 (24.9) | 26 (26.8) |
| Employment status; n (%) | ||||
| Employed | 356 (75.4) | 149 (72.0) | 207 (78.1) | 84 (75.7) |
| Unemployed | 116 (24.6) | 58 (28.0) | 58 (21.9) | 27 (24.3) |
| Nulliparous, n (%) | 232 (47.8) | 89 (40.5) | 146 (54.5) | 63 (55.8) |
| Trimester air monitor given; n (%) | ||||
| One | N/A | 161 (71.9) | 221 (80.9) | 108 (93.9) |
| Two | N/A | 16 (7.1) | 18 (6.6) | 3 (2.6) |
| Three | N/A | 47 (21.0) | 34 (12.5) | 4 (3.5) |
| Methods air monitor given; n (%) | ||||
| In-person | N/A | 86 (38.4) | 144 (52.7) | 45 (39.1) |
| Mailed | N/A | 138 (61.6) | 129 (47.3) | 70 (60.9) |
Note: For each categorical variable, percentages are calculated among successful users and those who failed to use the device (columns). Missing values: 2.2% for race/ethnicity, 11.5% for education, 2.2% for marital status, 13.5% for income, 17.3% for insurance type, 5.0% for employment status and 2.4% for parity.
Abbreviations: NA, not applicable; SD, standard deviation.
a
All recruitment occurred between November 2019 and May 2022 in New York City.