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. 2024 Apr 3;629(8010):136–145. doi: 10.1038/s41586-024-07278-3

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© The Author(s) 2024

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 6 — a,b, Phylogenetic trees of human, chimpanzee, orangutan and macaque α-satellites from the higher-order and monomeric (mon.) α-satellite regions of the chromosome 5 (a) and X (b) centromeres, respectively. c,d, The mutation rate of the chromosome 5 (c) and X (d) centromeric regions, respectively. Individual data points from 10 kb pairwise sequence alignments are shown. Note that the regions corresponding to the active α-satellite HORs have only approximate mutation rates based on human–human comparisons. Owing to unequal rates of mutation and the emergence of new α-satellite HORs, interspecies comparisons are not possible in these regions. HSat3, human satellite 3.