Table 1.
Characteristics of IBD patients and healthy control subjects.
| ID | Age (y) | Sex | Years since diagnosis | Type of IBD treatment | Other medications | Disease score |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| UC cohort | SCCAI | |||||
| FL001a | 37 | F | 4 | Methotrexate, 5-ASA | DMARD | 8 |
| FL002 | 62 | F | 22 | Azathioprine, infliximab | NSAID | 2 |
| FL007 | 30 | M | 2 | Azathioprine, golimumab | None | 0 |
| FL010a | 74 | F | 10 | 5-ASA | ACE inhibitor, budesonide | 1 |
| FL011a | 26 | F | 11 | Azathioprine, vedolizumab | Liothyronine | 8 |
| FL012 | 44 | F | 1 | Adalimumab | None | 3 |
| FL013a | 64 | M | 11 | 5-ASA | None | 1 |
| FL014a | 48 | F | 25 | Adalimumab | Levothyroxine | 0 |
| FL016a | 78 | F | 3 | Vedolizumab | None | 0 |
| FL021 | 35 | M | 7 | Infliximab | None | 0 |
| FL024a | 43 | F | 15 | Vedolizumab | None | 5 |
| FL027 | 38 | M | <1 | Prednisone, infliximab | Finasteride | 2 |
| FL033a | 36 | F | 4 | Infliximab | NDRI | 0 |
| FL034a | 44 | F | 15 | Azathioprine, vedolizumab, 5-ASA | None | 3 |
| FL035 | 27 | F | 4 | Vedolizumab | None | 1 |
| FL036 | 35 | M | 13 | Infliximab | None | 1 |
| FL037a | 35 | F | <1 | Infliximab | None | 2 |
| FL038a | 28 | M | 10 | Infliximab | None | 0 |
| FL039a | 25 | F | 4 | Vedolizumab | None | 2 |
| FL040a | 34 | F | 7 | Infliximab | None | 1 |
| CD cohort | Harvey-Bradshaw index | |||||
| FL003a | 33 | M | 3 | Ustekinumab | None | 0 |
| FL004a | 70 | F | 30 | None | ACE inhibitor, Amlodipine, NSAID | 7 |
| FL005 | 27 | M | 7 | Adalimumab | None | 1 |
| FL006a | 35 | F | 2 | Infliximab | None | 14 |
| FL008a | 46 | M | 16 | Azathioprine, infliximab | None | 2 |
| FL009a | 48 | M | 28 | Ustekinumab | Liothyronine, Zopiclone, NDRI, TCA | 2 |
| FL015 | 40 | M | 16 | None | None | 2 |
| FL017 | 29 | M | 13 | Infliximab | None | 2 |
| FL018a | 51 | M | 7 | Prednisone, vedolizumab | None | 2 |
| FL019 | 48 | M | 7 | Vedolizumab | Percocet, Quetiapine, PPI | 8 |
| FL020a | 28 | M | 12 | Infliximab | None | 3 |
| FL022 | 40 | M | 19 | Infliximab | None | 4 |
| FL023a | 44 | M | 27 | Vedolizumab | SSRI | 19 |
| FL025a | 28 | F | 8 | Vedolizumab | None | 9 |
| FL026 | 39 | F | 18 | None | Levothyroxine | 15 |
| FL028a | 32 | F | 11 | Hydrocortisone, infliximab | None | 3 |
| FL029a | 37 | M | 10 | Infliximab | Nifedipine, hydrochlorothiazide | 1 |
| FL030a | 39 | M | 11 | Infliximab | None | 8 |
| FL031 | 29 | M | 12 | Infliximab | None | 6 |
| FL032a | 49 | M | 36 | Infliximab | ACE inhibitor, metformin, hydrochlorothiazide | 4 |
For the Healthy Control (HC) cohort (n = 20), the median age was 38 (range, 24-80) years; 8 (40%) were female and 12 (60%) were male; and 13 (n = 5 female) had stool samples sequenced (median age 36 [range, 24-79] years).
Abbreviations: 5-ASA, 5-aminosalicylates; ACE, angiotensin-converting enzyme; CD, Crohn’s disease; DMARD, disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs; F, female; HC, healthy control; M, male; NDRI, norepinephrine–dopamine reuptake inhibitors; NSAID, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs; PPI, proton pump inhibitors; SCCAI, Simple Clinical Colitis Activity Index; SSRI, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor; TCA, tricyclic antidepressants; UC, ulcerative colitis.
aA total of 13 of 20 CD, 13 of 20 UC patients, and 19 of 20 HC subjects provided a stool sample at time of blood draw. A total of 25 of 26 patients and 19 of 19 HC subjects were negative for tcdB by polymerase chain reaction. The positive result was an UC patient (FL-011) with 23.4% TcdB-specific CD4+ T cells (as percent of Pediacel-specific cells) with T helper type cells comprising 35.5% (Figure 1). One UC patient (FL-034) had a positive tcdB polymerase chain reaction test 22 months prior to enrolment; they had 54.17% TcdB-specific CD4+ T cells (as percent of Pediacel-specific cells) but with too few events to quantify Th17 cells.