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. 2024 May 2;14(21):14506–14513. doi: 10.1039/d4ra02231a

Internal and external validation results for the Gradient Boosting model.

Cross-validation External validation
AP F1-score Recall AP F1-score Recall
Baseline 0.929 ± 0.030 0.842 ± 0.038 0.835 ± 0.045 0.921 0.856 0.878
Optimize 0.928 ± 0.027 0.848 ± 0.041 0.855 ± 0.052 0.921 0.889 0.921