Table 1.

Quality assessment of the included studies (Effective Public Health Practice Project model).

Reference	Selection bias	Study design	Confounders	Blinding	Data collection method	Withdrawals and drop-outs
Fox & Moore, 2021	Moderate	Strong	Moderate	Moderate	Strong	Moderate
Guo et al., 2020	Moderate	Strong	Moderate	Moderate	Strong	Moderate
Hall et al., 2016	Strong	Moderate	Weak	Moderate	Strong	Moderate
Hennessy et al., 2021	Strong	Moderate	Weak	Weak	Strong	Moderate
Hilsdorf & Bullerjahn, 2021	Strong	Moderate	Moderate	Weak	Strong	Moderate
Lyvers et al., 2020	Strong	Moderate	Weak	Weak	Moderate	Moderate
Thoma et al., 2012	Strong	Moderate	Moderate	Weak	Moderate	Strong
Vuoskoski & Eerola, 2012	Strong	Moderate	Moderate	Moderate	Strong	Moderate