FIGURE 7.
AVRA1 and BEC1016 are partially translocated into the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) lumen. The GFP1–10/GFP11 self‐constituting fluorescence protein demonstrates cytosolic and ER‐luminal protein localizations in Nicotiana benthamiana epidermal cells. (a,b) and (i,j) GFP11‐CNX™ and CNX™‐GFP11 confirm (SP)‐GFP1–10‐HDEL to be ER‐luminal and GFP1–10 to be cytosolic, respectively. (c–h) and (k–p) AVRA1, BEC1016 and CSEP0105 (all without signal peptide) are cytosolic while AVRA1 and BEC1016 (both without signal peptide) are also ER‐luminal, indicated by their reticulate and perinuclear signals (see also Figure S11). Expression constructs were introduced using Agrobacterium infiltration, and epidermal cells were observed by laser scanning confocal microscopy 48 h later. Size bars, 20 μm.