Table 1. Demographics Characteristics of Study Population of Medicare Beneficiaries, Pre- and Post-TCM, 2010 to 2019.
| Characteristic | % | |
|---|---|---|
| Pre-TCM (2010-2012) | Post-TCM (2013-2019) | |
| Total beneficiaries, No. | 25 586 725 | 53 539 240 |
| Age group, y | ||
| <65 | 20.7 | 20.3 |
| 65-69 | 12.2 | 13.3 |
| 70-74 | 15.6 | 16.7 |
| 75-79 | 15.5 | 15.7 |
| 80-84 | 15.4 | 13.9 |
| ≥85 | 20.6 | 20.0 |
| Sex | ||
| Female | 56.3 | 54.9 |
| Male | 43.7 | 45.1 |
| Race and ethnicity | ||
| Asian | 1.4 | 1.6 |
| Black | 12.3 | 11.9 |
| Hispanic | 5.5 | 5.6 |
| White | 79.3 | 78.8 |
| Othera | 1.3 | 2.0 |
| US region | ||
| Midwest | 25.2 | 24.1 |
| Northeast | 19.3 | 19.2 |
| South | 41.0 | 41.0 |
| West | 14.6 | 15.8 |
| Medicaid dual-eligibility | ||
| Dual-eligible | 33.9 | 31.9 |
| Not dual-eligible | 66.1 | 68.1 |
| Residence areab | ||
| Rural | 23.2 | 22.8 |
| Urban | 76.8 | 77.2 |
| ACO attribution | ||
| Attributed to ACO | 0.8 | 45.2 |
| Not attributed to ACO | 99.2 | 54.8 |
| PCP visit in prior year | ||
| Any | 82.0 | 81.2 |
| None | 18.0 | 18.8 |
| County-level SDI scoreb | ||
| 1-25 (Least disadvantaged) | 25.0 | 26.2 |
| 26-50 | 25.5 | 25.8 |
| 51-75 | 26.4 | 26.1 |
| 76-100 (Most disadvantaged) | 23.0 | 21.8 |
| Disposition at hospital discharge | ||
| Home | 57.6 | 54.8 |
| Home health care | 20.1 | 22.4 |
| SNF | 22.3 | 22.8 |
| Length of stay, d | ||
| <2 | 12.3 | 12.0 |
| 2-7 | 60.7 | 60.7 |
| 8-14 | 13.6 | 13.4 |
| 15-30 | 9.2 | 9.7 |
| >30 | 4.2 | 4.3 |
Abbreviations: ACO, Accountable Care Organization; PCP, primary care practitioner; SDI, social deprivation index; SNF, skilled nursing facility; TCM, Transitional Care Management.
a
This category included American Indian or Alaska Native, unknown, and any other race or ethnicity.
b
Missing residence (<0.02%) and SDI (<0.1%) data in both periods.