Table 2.
Demographic information for monolingual/bilingual speakers by clinical syndrome
| bvFTD | nfvPPA | svPPA | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| ||||||||||||
| Monolingual (N = 105) | Bilingual (N = 26) | p | N (mono/bi) | Monolingual (N = 57) | Bilingual (N = 22) | p | N (mono/bi) | Monolingual (N = 68) | Bilingual (N = 30) | p | N (mono/bi) | |
|
| ||||||||||||
| Sex, Female, n (%) | 42 (40) | 12 (46) | 0.568 | - | 37 (65) | 15 (68) | 0.784 | - | 35 (51) | 18 (60) | 0.435 | - |
| Education, mean (SD), y | 15.6 (3.0) | 16.4 (3.4) | 0.224 | 104/26 | 15.6 (3.2) | 16.9 (2.2) | 0.097 | - | 16.1 (2.8) | 16.9 (2.7) | 0.214 | 67/30 |
| Right-handed, n (%) | 94 (90) | 24 (92) | 0.036 | - | 52 (91) | 20 (91) | 0.227 | - | 59 (87) | 26 (87) | 0.590 | - |
| Occupation | 95/26 | 48/22 | 59/30 | |||||||||
| Professionals, n (%) | 56 (59) | 15 (58) | 0.908 | 26 (54) | 15 (68) | 0.269 | 39 (66) | 18 (60) | 0.571 | |||
| Associate professionals, n (%) | 16 (17) | 3 (12) | 0.510 | 10 (21) | 3 (14) | 0.472 | 13 (22) | 6 (20) | 0.825 | |||
| Skilled workers, n (%) | 23 (24) | 7 (27) | 0.777 | 12 (25) | 4 (18) | 0.528 | 5 (8) | 6 (20) | 0.118 | |||
| Elementary, n (%) | 0 (0) | 1 (4) | 0.215 | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | - | 2 (3) | 0 (0) | 0.308 | |||
| Immigrant, n (%) | 0 (0) | 19 (73) | <.001 | - | 3 (5) | 6 (27) | 0.006 | - | 1 (1) | 15 (50) | <.001 | - |
| Age at onset*, mean (SD), y | 56.6 (10.0) | 60.3 (8.6) | 0.121 | 104/26 | 64.8 (7.5) | 63.6 (7.1) | 0.177 | - | 58.0 (6.8) | 60.7 (7.7) | 0.083 | 67/30 |
| CDR Total (3), mean (SD) | 1.2 (0.7) | 1.2 (0.6) | 0.604 | 96/25 | 0.5 (0.4) | 0.4 (0.4) | 0.604 | 56/21 | 0.7 (0.5) | 0.8 (0.4) | 0.763 | 65/29 |
Note: CDR = Clinical Dementia Rating scale. A dash (-) in the N column indicates that the full dataset was available. Occupational skill level was determined using the International Standard Classification of Occupations (ISCO-08). p-values derived from t-tests or chi square tests, where appropriate.
*
indicates results derived from ANCOVAs.