Table 1.

Risk of Diabetes Development in People with Baseline MAFLD and MASLD within 14.3 Years of Follow-up (n=48,147)

Variable	PY	Event	IR (95% CI)/1,000 PY	HR (95% CI)
				Crude model	Model 1	Model 2	Model 3
MAFLD	653,506.91	5,815	8.9 (8.67–9.13)
No	497,970.03	2,748	5.52 (5.32–5.73)	1 (reference)	1 (reference)	1 (reference)	1 (reference)
Yes	155,536.88	3,067	19.72 (19.03–20.43)	3.68 (3.5–3.88)	3.16 (2.99–3.33)	2.68 (2.53–2.83)	2.57 (1.86–3.55)
Harrell’s C-index				0.68 (0.67–0.68)	0.75 (0.74–0.75)	0.76 (0.75–0.77)	0.82 (0.79–0.85)
MASLD
No	173,474.31	1,009	5.82 (5.47–6.19)	1 (reference)	1 (reference)	1 (reference)	1 (reference)
Yes	480,032.6	4,806	10.01 (9.73–10.3)	1.79 (1.67–1.92)	2.54 (2.37–2.73)	2.21 (2.06–2.38)	2.18 (1.46–3.24)
Harrell’s C-index				0.57 (0.56–0.57)	0.71 (0.7–0.72)	0.74 (0.73–0.75)	0.8 (0.77–0.84)

Model 1: adjusted for age and sex; Model 2: adjusted for age, sex, systolic blood pressure, total cholesterol, and triglycerides; Model 3: adjusted for age, sex, systolic blood pressure, total cholesterol, triglycerides, and homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance.

MAFLD, metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease; MASLD, metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease; PY, person-years; IR, incidence rate; CI, confidence interval; HR, hazard ratio.