Table 1.

Setting and population characteristics.^a

Characteristic	N = 192a	%a
World Health Organisation (WHO) Region and Country
Africa	92	47.9
Americas	32	16.6
Eastern Mediterranean	10	5.2
Europe	8	4.1
Southeast Asia	33	17.2
Western Pacific	38	19.8
Country income group
Low	38	19.8
Lower-Middle	97	50.5
Upper-Middle	74	38.5
Stigma context
Alcohol and drug use	6	3.1
Disabilities	6	3.1
Ethnicity/Race/Religion	11	5.7
Gender, Sexuality &Women's healthb	12	6.3
HIV/AIDSc	104	54.2
Leprosy	4	2.1
Mental health	46	24.0
Tuberculosis	4	2.1
COVID 19d	1	0.5
Target populatione
Caregivers of people living with stigmatised conditions	11	5.7
Children and adolescents	25	13.0
College and university students	12	6.3
Criminal justice professionals	2	1.0
Community leaders	4	2.1
General population	50	26.0
Health professionals	58	30.2
High risk groupsf	12	6.3
People living with stigmatised conditions	23	12.0
Academic researchers	1	0.5
Survivors and perpetrators of genocide	2	1.0
Teachers	7	3.6

^aSome included studies were conducted in multiple countries and WHO regions, and which belonged to different income groups, or addressed more than one stigma contexts. Therefore, not all counts and percentages will add up to 100%.

^bWomen's health includes studies on FGM, female birth attendants etc.

^cHuman Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS).

^dCoronavirus Disease 2019.

^eSome studies had more than one target population group.

^fIncluded: sex workers, market vendors, the military.