Table 2.
Study design characteristics.
| Characteristic | N = 192 | % |
|---|---|---|
| Design | ||
| Cluster Randomised Controlled Trial (RCT) | 31 | 16.1 |
| Individual Randomised Controlled Trial (RCT) | 35 | 18.2 |
| Quasi-Experimentala | 109 | 56.8 |
| Non-Experimentalb | 17 | 8.9 |
| Timing of first follow-Upc, d | ||
| Immediate | 67 | 34.9 |
| Short | 18 | 9.4 |
| Medium | 60 | 31.3 |
| Long | 38 | 19.8 |
| Not described | 10 | 5.2 |
| Timing of subsequent follow-Ups | ||
| Short | 11 | 5.7 |
| Medium | 21 | 11.0 |
| Long | 29 | 15.1 |
| Not described | 131 | 68.2 |
a
Quasi-experimental: non-randomised research design where a control/pre/post group or variable was chosen by researchers.
b
Non-experimental: research design focusing solely on observation, interaction and interpretation, without any control on predictor variable or subjects.
c
Follow up was determined to be immediate if it took place immediately after the intervention concluded; short term if below 1 month; medium term if between 1 and 6 months; long term if over 6 months.
d
Some included studies had two different first follow-up times for intervention and control groups. Therefore, not all counts and percentages will add up to 100%.