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. 2024 Apr 22;10(9):e30001. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e30001

Fig. 1.

Fig. 1

General picture of MS progression (Courtesy of Karolinska Institute). In the preclinical phase disease activity is detected by MRI. CIS (clinically isolated syndrome) is the first symptom, RRMS (relapsing-remitting MS) is characterized by relapses with or without complete recovery. SPMS (secondary-progressive MS) is defined by continuous progression of disability.