Figure 2.

Impact of mixtures of EVs released by cells in different states of growth and cellular death on the surrounding tissue. (A) Illustration of the possible outcome of a toxic exposure on EV release in cardiac tissue. A transient toxic exposure in one part of the tissue could create a mixture of cell populations: dying cells, unaffected cells, and cells recovering from a death pathway. Consequently, the surrounding tissue would be expected to encounter a mixture of EVs, consisting of vesicles with cardioprotective, cardiotoxic, or unknown signaling potential. (B) Schematic illustrating that EVs from some cell types might result in a higher probability of a cardioprotective outcome (blue), whereas other EVs might result in a cardiotoxic outcome (brown). However, the impact of a mixture of EVs with either cardioprotective or cardiotoxic potential is difficult to predict.