Table 4.

Key parameters for perceived stress severity

	β / r	95% CI		p-value
Association between stress severity and Big Five personality states (within-person effects)
severity → agreeableness	−.15	−.17	−.07	.000
severity → conscientiousness	.03	.00	.06	.080
severity → extraversion	−.09	−.12	−.06	.000
severity → neuroticism	.30	.26	.33	.000
severity → openness	−.06	−.10	−.03	.000
Correlations between Big Five traits and average stress severity (between-person effects)
agreeableness*severity	−.10	−.14	−.03	.000
conscientiousness*severity	−.02	−.10	.06	.420
extraversion*severity	−.09	−.15	.00	.040
neuroticism*severity	.21	.14	.28	.000
openness*severity	−.04	−.10	.04	.240
Correlations between Big Five traits and stress responses (cross-level effects)
agreeableness*severity → agreeableness	−.06	−.19	.07	.340
conscientiousness*severity → conscientiousness	.08	−.07	.20	.380
extraversion*severity → extraversion	.10	−.02	.21	.100
neuroticism*severity → neuroticism	.13	−.03	.24	.086
openness*severity → openness	−.06	−.19	.07	.420
Correlations between average stress severity and stress responses (cross-level effects)
severity*severity → agreeableness	.12	.01	.19	.000
severity*severity → conscientiousness	−.04	−.16	.05	.560
severity*severity → extraversion	.03	−.06	.12	.580
severity*severity → neuroticism	−.20	−.31	−.08	.000
severity*severity → openness	.04	−.08	.16	.550

Note. N = 1,090 participants; 8,870 observations. Parameters for each personality trait/state are from separate multi-level structural equation models. → = random slope, * = correlation, severity = perceived severity of stressors, Big Five traits = random intercept of personality state, average stress severity = random intercept for stress severity, CI = credibility interval. Bold parameters have credibility intervals that do not contain zero.