Table 1.

Antimicrobial activity of Grifola frondosa.

Compound/s	Target microorganisms	Active concentration/s	Reference
GFAHP protein	Herpesvirus 1 (HSV)	mean IC50 4.1 μg/ml; at concentrations 30 and 60 μg/ml inhibited HSV-1 penetration by 83.7 % and 93.5 %, respectively; at concentrations 125 and 500 μg/ml reduced virus production	[33]
D-fraction	hepatitis B virus (HBV)	IC50 0.59 mg/ml; synergistic activity with IFN	[34]
β-glucan (MD-fraction)	Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)	Among 35 patients, in 20 was an increase of CD4+ cell amount and in 10 was a decrease in viral load	[35]
Extract	Enterovirus EV71	Inhibition of viral replication, viral VP1 protein expression and genomic RNA synthesis, at the concentration of 200 μg/ml and IC50 194.80 μg/ml	[36]
Heteropolysaccharide	Enterovirus EV71	Inhibition of viral replication, viral VP1 protein expression and genomic RNA synthesis, at the concentration of 250 μg/ml	[37]
Extract	Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)	inhibition of the MRSA biofilm development, decrease of OD to 0.21 in comparison to the control group of 0.42	[38]
Water extract	Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli and S. aureus	zones of growth inhibition were 8.7, 10.2 and 12.4 mm, respectively	[39]
Polysaccharides	S. aureus, E. coli, Listeria monocytogenes, Bacillus megaterium	MICs for polysaccharide IPS 2.5 mg/ml, 5 mg/ml, 5 mg/ml and 10 mg/ml, respectively; MICs for zinc polysaccharide <0.625 mg/ml, 1.25 mg/ml, 2.5 mg/ml, and 2.5 mg/ml, respectively.	[42]
D-fraction	Listeria monocytogenes	D-fraction at a dose 10 mg/kg per day improved the survival rate of Listeria-infected mice to 60 %; reduction of the number of Listeria in the peritoneal cavity by 33 %	[43]
Grifolaone A	Fusarium oxysporum, Gibberella zeae, Piricularia oryzae, Pseudallescheria boydii	MIC values of 2.5, 2.5, 0.15 and 1.25 μg/mL, respectively	[44]