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. 2024 Feb 17;48(3):245–252. doi: 10.1016/j.jgr.2024.02.002

Fig. 1.

Fig. 1

Summary of strategies for preventing cognitive decline in human beings. Since Alzheimer's disease (AD) is incurable and AD therapy has not been completely developed, combination therapy using conventional AD medicines and ginseng components, such as gintonin, may be beneficial for improving AD symptoms and preventing the dramatic decline of cognitive functions in AD progression. SMI, subjective memory impairment. MCI, mild cognitive impairment.