Fig. 1.

Soluble α-Klotho (s-KL) and osteogenic markers (OCN, MSX2, and Runx2) in Randall’s plaques (RP) and normal renal papillae (NRP). A KL mRNA expression measured by qRT-PCR in RP (n = 30) and NRP (n = 30) tissues. B Immunohistochemistry (IHC) for s-KL and osteogenic markers in RP (n = 6) and NRP (n = 6) tissues. C–D Representative western blots and quantification of s-KL and osteogenic marker levels in RP (n = 18) and NRP (n = 18) tissues. E Urinary s-KL was determined by ELISA in healthy controls (HC; n = 30) and CaOx stone formers (CaOx-SF; n = 30), and the concentration was expressed as the urinary s-KL-to-creatinine ratio (UKCR). F Correlation analysis between the relative protein expression levels of s-KL and MSX2 in RP tissues; n = 18