Table 1.

Validated miRNA candidates of age-related cochlear tissue-derived sEVs with the numbers of target genes and functional categories

miRNA	Gene ID	Number of target genes	Functional description	Reference
mmu-miRLet7c-5p	387246	558	Cell differentiation, anatomical structure development, ion binding, cell death, growth, developmental maturation, cell cycle, endocytosis, axon guidance, TNF signaling pathway, AMPK signaling pathway, TGF-beta signaling pathway, mTOR signaling pathway, MAPK signaling pathway, MAPK signaling pathway	Chen et al. [45], Morgado et al. [131], Yao et al. [132], Zhang et al. [133] and Chen et al. [134]
mmu-miR29a-3p	387222	451	Cell differentiation, anatomical structure development, ion binding, cell cycle, cell death, anatomical structure formation involved in morphogenesis, cell division, growth, developmental maturation, positive regulation of apoptotic process, axon guidance, TNF signaling pathway, AMPK signaling pathway, TGF-beta signaling pathway, mTOR signaling pathway, MAPK signaling pathway, Hippo signaling pathway	Qu et al. [47], You et al. [135], Volpicelli et al. [136], Wang et al. [137] and Tumaneng et al. [138]
mmu-miR449a-5p	723868	469	Cell differentiation, anatomical structure development, ion binding, cell differentiation, anatomical structure development, ion binding, cell motility, cytoplasmic membrane-bounded vesicle, cell junction, endocytosis, axon guidance, AMPK signaling pathway, TGF-beta signaling pathway, mTOR signaling pathway, MAPK signaling pathway, Hippo signaling pathway	Shu et al. [16], Ni et al. [53], Wu et al. [138] and Bou Kheir et al. [139]
mmu-miR30c-2-3p	723964	209	Anatomical structure development, regulation of epidermal cell differentiation	Tang et al. [56], Hu et al. [140], Hand et al. [141] and Liang et al. [ 142]
mmu-miR3095-3p	100526502	156	MicroRNA metabolic process, tissue homeostasis, inner cell mass cell differentiation, positive regulation of cAMP-mediated signaling, post-embryonic development, post-embryonic body morphogenesis, cell proliferation in the forebrain, regulation of canonical Wnt signaling pathway, auditory receptor cell fate commitment, positive regulation of transcription of Notch receptor target, regulation of timing of cell differentiation, long-term depression, mTOR signaling pathway	Chiang et al. [143] and Kozomara et al. [144]
mmu-miR147-3p	387165	13	Wnt and MAPK signaling, inflammatory responses	Tang et al. [55] and Liu et al. [108]
mmu-miR1195	100316676	79	Cell differentiation, apoptosis	Zhang et al. [145] and Tagne et al. [57]