Table 3. Relationship between the varicocele grading and postoperative swelling.

Varicocele grading	Postoperative swelling
	Yes	No
Grade 2
Observed	14	0
Expected	11.6	2.4
%	100.0	0.0
Grade 3
Observed	5	4
Expected	7.4	1.6
%	55.6	44.4

Cramer’s V =0.572 (P=0.006).