TABLE II.
In-Hospital Outcomes
| Variable | Unmatched cohort | Propensity-matched cohort | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Patients with COVID-19 without TTS (n = 211,448) | Patients with COVID-19 and TTS (n = 171) | P value | Patients with COVID-19 without TTS (n = 508) | Patients with COVID-19 and TTS (n = 170) | P value | Standardized mean difference | |
| Outcomes | |||||||
| Death, No. (%) | 23,404 (11.1) | 52 (30.4) | <.001 | 71 (14.0) | 51 (30.0) | <.001 | 0.394 |
| Cardiac arrest, No. (%) | 4,473 (2.1) | 13 (7.6) | <.001 | 14 (2.8) | 13 (7.6) | .009 | 0.222 |
| Cardiogenic shock, No. (%) | 818 (0.4) | 22 (12.9) | <.001 | 2 (0.4) | 21 (12.4) | <.001 | 0.505 |
| Ventricular arrhythmia, No. (%) | 3,691 (1.7) | 7 (4.1) | .04 | 14 (2.8) | 6 (3.5) | .80 | 0.044 |
| AKI, No. (%) | 53,065 (25.1) | 80 (46.8) | <.001 | 140 (27.6) | 79 (46.5) | <.001 | 0.399 |
| Acute respiratory failure, No. (%) | 117,962 (55.8) | 91 (53.2) | .55 | 299 (58.9) | 90 (52.9) | .21 | 0.119 |
| Mechanical ventilation, No. (%) | 19,729 (9.3) | 60 (35.1) | <.001 | 51 (10.0) | 59 (34.7) | <.001 | 0.62 |
| LOS, mean (SD), d | 7.45 (8.07) | 10.70 (12.95) | <.001 | 7.57 (7.40) | 10.73 (12.99) | <.001 | 0.299 |
| Total hospital-related cost, mean (SD), $ | 78,468.44 (149,660.09) | 152,685.12 (279,543.46) | <.001 | 79,523.29 (122,804.79) | 152,942.81 (280,348.92) | <.001 | 0.339 |
AKI, acute kidney injury; LOS, length of stay; TTS, takotsubo syndrome.
P ≤ .05 was considered statistically significant.