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. 2024 Mar 20;134(8):1006–1022. doi: 10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.123.323655

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© 2024 The Authors.

Circulation Research is published on behalf of the American Heart Association, Inc., by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial-NoDerivs License, which permits use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided that the original work is properly cited, the use is noncommercial, and no modifications or adaptations are made.

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Figure 7. — Cardiac AKAP12^OX worsens systolic function and promotes left ventricular hypertrophy. A through C, Echocardiographic measurements of systolic cardiac function before and after 14 days of isoproterenol (ISO) treatment in AKAP12^OX and wild-type (WT) males; N=9 in WT and N=6 in AKAP12^OX. Comparison of parameters measured includes A, ejection fraction (%), B, fractional shortening (%), and C, global circumferential strain (%); N=5 in each group. D, Left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy measurement represented by corrected LV mass/body weight ratio before and after ISO treatment; N=6 in each group. E through G, Echocardiographic measurements of systolic cardiac function before and after 14 days of ISO treatment in AKAP12^OX and WT females; N=8 in WT and N=9 in AKAP12^OX. Comparison of parameters measured include E, ejection fraction (%), F, fractional shortening (%), and G, global circumferential strain (%); N=5 in each group. H, LV hypertrophy measurement represented by corrected LV mass/body weight ratio before and after ISO treatment; N=6 in WT and N=9 in AKAP12^OX. I, Representative immunocytochemistry images of WGA staining in cardiac slices before and after ISO treatment to assess cardiac hypertrophy through the cross-sectional area. J and K, Quantification of the cross-sectional area of cells in males and females cardiac slices respectively; n=90, N=3 in each group. L, Representative echocardiogram images. All data represented as average mean±SEM. Data were determined to have a parametric distribution by the Shapiro-Wilk test except panels J&K which had non parametric distribution. Two-way ANOVA was used for data comparison in all except C and G, which were evaluated using unpaired 2-tailed Student t test. Sidak post hoc multiple comparison test was used for panels A, B, D, E, F and H while Tukey post hoc multiple comparison test was used for panels J and K. C, A red circle without filling is an excluded outlier, detected using the ROUT (robust regression and outlier removal) method; Q=2% and was not used in the statistical analysis.