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. 2024 Apr 9;12(2):28. doi: 10.21037/atm-23-1769

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2024 Annals of Translational Medicine. All rights reserved.

Open Access Statement: This is an Open Access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0), which permits the non-commercial replication and distribution of the article with the strict proviso that no changes or edits are made and the original work is properly cited (including links to both the formal publication through the relevant DOI and the license). See: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0.

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Formation of artificial collagenous neoligaments. Specimen of vagina (V), vulva bladder (B) dissected from a dog, 2 weeks after the implanted tape had been removed. Note the significant artificial collagenous neoligament created by tissue reaction against the tape (white arrows). Reused from Petros P. The female pelvic floor function, dysfunction and management according to the Integral Theory. 3^rd ed. Heidelberg: Springer Berlin; 2010. With permission from Peter Petros; retains ownership of the copyright.