Table 5.

List of Gene Sets Commonly Enriched in Autism Spectrum Disorder Traits and MSEL Items

MSEL Item	Gene Set	P Value Threshold	SNPs, No.	R ²	β (SE)	P Value^a
Gross motor skills	Adenylate cyclase-inhibiting G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway	.04	38	0.064	−5.30 (1.30)	<.001
	Muscle cell development	.008	44	0.052	3.91 (1.12)	<.001
	Chemokine motif ligand 2 production	.14	17	0.051	−6.04 (1.75)	.001
	Regulation of monocyte differentiation	.14	18	0.052	−6.63 (1.90)	.001
	B-cell differentiation	.001	11	0.051	7.37 (2.15)	.001
	Monocyte activation	.14	12	0.048	−6.61 (2.01)	.001
	Interleukin 12 secretion	.14	13	0.047	−6.35 (1.96)	.002
Receptive language skills	Adenylate cyclase-inhibiting G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway	.04	38	0.064	−5.30 (1.30)	<.001
	Regulation of amino acid transport	.04	27	0.052	−5.03 (1.44)	.001
	Regulation of glutamate secretion	.03	14	0.052	−5.82 (1.68)	.001
	Neuron maturation	.01	16	0.052	−6.52 (1.87)	.001
	lonotropic glutamate receptor signaling pathway	.02	33	0.047	3.54 (1.09)	.001
	Negative regulation of glutamate secretion	.04	12	0.045	−5.38 (1.74)	.002

Abbreviations: MSEL, Mullen Scales of Early Learning; SNP, single-nucleotide polymorphism.

P values were corrected with 10 000 permutation tests.