Table 2.
Estimates (95% CIs) of Main Effects of Cooling Agent Condition on Appeal and Sensory Attribute Outcomes
| Appeal |
Sensory Attributes |
|||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Liking | Disliking | Use Again | Sweetness | Smoothness | Bitterness | Harshness | Coolness | |
|
| ||||||||
| Synthetic coolant WS-23 vs. no coolant | ||||||||
|
| ||||||||
| Overall | 5.8 (2.7, 8.9) | −6.8 (−10.2, −3.4) | 6.5 (2.9, 10.1) | 2.3 (−0.6, 5.2) | 6.1 (2.9, 9.3) | −4.8 (−7.9, −1.8) | −7.6 (−10.9, −4.3) | 20.1 (17.1, 23.1) |
|
| ||||||||
| By base characterizing flavor | ||||||||
|
| ||||||||
| Tobacco | 5.8 (1.0, 10.6) | −6.7 (−12.1, −1.3) | 6.1 (0.3, 11.9) | 2.8 (−1.5, 7.1) | 6.9 (1.7, 12.1) | −7.3 (−12.3, −2.4) | −12.5 (−18.1, −6.9) | 19.4 (14.8, 24.1) |
|
| ||||||||
| Mint | 6.2 (1.3, 11.2) | −7.2 (−12.9, −1.6) | 5.1 (−0.7, 10.8) | 2.3 (−2.1,6.8) | 4.2 (−1.4, 9.7) | −1.3 (−6.6, 4.1) | −1.3 (−7.2, 4.5) | 19.6 (14.5, 24.7) |
|
| ||||||||
| Fruit | 5.4 (0.4, 10.5) | −6.5 (−12.1, −1.0) | 8.3 (2.4, 14.2) | 2.2 (−2.4, 6.8) | 7.2 (1.6, 12.7) | −6.0 (−10.3, −1.7) | −8.8 (−14.3, −3.4) | 21.3 (16.8, 25.8) |
|
| ||||||||
| Menthol vs. no coolant ^ | ||||||||
|
| ||||||||
| Overall | 3.0 (−0.1,6.1) | −3.1 (−6.5, 0.3) | 4.0 (0.4, 7.6) | 1.2 (−1.7, 4.1) | 0.6 (−2.6, 3.8) | −1.6 (−4.5, 1.5) | −4.3 (−7.6, −1.0) | 12.7 (9.7, 15.7) |
|
| ||||||||
| By base characterizing flavor | ||||||||
|
| ||||||||
| Tobacco | 3.8 (−1.0, 8.6) | −3.7 (−9.0, 1.7) | 4.6 (−1.2, 10.4) | 2.4 (−2.0, 6.7) | 3.4 (−1.8, 8.6) | −2.8 (−7.8, 2.2) | −9.2 (−14.8, −3.5) | 11.1 (6.4, 15.7) |
|
| ||||||||
| Mint | 2.3 (−2.7, 7.2) | −2.4 (−8.1,3.2) | 1.3 (−4.5, 7.1) | 0.6 (−3.9, 5.1) | −2.0 (−7.5, 3.6) | 0.5 (−4.9, 5.8) | −0.0 (−5.9, 5.8) | 16.3 (11.2, 21.4) |
|
| ||||||||
| Fruit | 3.2 (−1.9, 8.2) | −3.1 (−8.7, 2.4) | 5.9 (0.0, 11.8) | 1.2 (−3.4, 5.8) | 0.4 (−5.2, 5.9) | −2.7 (−7.0, 1.7) | −3.4 (−8.9, 2.1) | 10.9 (6.4, 15.5) |
Note. Estimate = difference in means by cooling agent condition, adjusted by trial sequence (range: 1–18). CI = Confidence Interval.
Bold values are statistically significant after Benjamini-Hochberg corrections for multiple testing to control false-discovery rate at 0.05.
Results of omnibus F tests of non-equivalence of study outcomes across the three cooling agent conditions were as follows: liking (p=.002), disliking (p=.001), use again (p=.002), sweetness (p=.306), smoothness (p=.001), bitterness (p=.007), harshness (p<.001), and coolness (p<.001).