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. 2024 May 7;14:10488. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-61064-9

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© The Author(s) 2024

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Part of the morphing procedure is to demarkate key parts of the time and frequency space in the spectrogram (x is time, y is frequency, z is amplitude). On the top panel, the white vertical lines demarkate time points. The first is the onset of the “H” sound, the second line is the offset of the “H” and the onset of the “I”. I is a dipthong vowel, and we mark the formant frequency transition in frequency using the dots, and in time using the lines. The final line represents the end of the word, “Hi”. The bottom panel represents the time points on an oscillogram (x is time, y is power). This demarkation procedure was done to each file individually and manually checked for accuracy.