TABLE 1.
Demographic information for the whole sample and age subgroups.
| Group | All (N = 95) | Young (N = 34) | Middle‐aged (N = 32) | Older (N = 29) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographic | ||||
| Age | 49.7 (17.6), 21–88 | 30.1 (5.5), 21–39 | 50.3 (6.4), 40–59 | 70.2 (7.5), 60–88 |
| Gender (female/male/other) | 50/45/0 | 18/16/0 | 16/16/0 | 16/13/0 |
| Education years | 16.6 (4.3), 2–34 | 17.4 (2.8), 12–24 | 18.1 (3.8), 12–34 | 13.9 (4.9), 2–20 |
| Choir singing | ||||
| Total years active | 10.3 (13.9), 0–59 | 6.5 (8.1), 0–29 | 9.4 (11.0), 0–36 | 15.8 (19.7), 0–59 |
| % of life active | 20.5 (24.1), 0–79 | 20.1 (24.8), 0–77 | 19.0 (21.9), 0–67 | 21.6 (26.3), 0–79 |
| Lifetime max. hours/week | 2.7 (2.7), 0–10 | 2.8 (2.6), 0–8 | 2.7 (2.6), 0–10 | 2.7 (2.9), 0–10 |
| Current hours/week | 1.8 (2.0), 0–8 | 1.2 (1.5), 0–5 | 1.9 (2.0), 0–8 | 2.3 (2.3), 0–8 |
| Solo singing | ||||
| Total years active | 3.9 (8.6), 0–50 | 3.6 (6.2), 0–26 | 6.8 (12.8), 0–50 | 1.1 (2.1), 0–8 |
| % of life active | 9.4 (19.7), 0–94 | 12.2 (20.2), 0–87 | 13.6 (25.4) 0–94 | 1.5 (2.8), 0–10 |
| Lifetime max. hours/week | 1.7 (3.2), 0–15 | 2.1 (3.7), 0–15 | 1.9 (3.5), 0–15 | 0.9 (2.1), 0–10 |
| Current hours/week | 0.5 (1.2), 0–8 | 0.8 (1.5), 0–8 | 0.5 (1.1), 0–5 | 0.2 (0.9), 0–5 |
| Playing an instrument | ||||
| Total years active | 9.9 (13.4), 0–60 | 9.8 (8.5), 0–30 | 10.0 (13.9), 0–48 | 10.0 (17.4), 0–60 |
| % of life active | 22.8 (27.3), 0–87 | 32.9 (28.1), 0–80 | 20.1 (26.8), 0–87 | 13.9 (23.6), 0–82 |
| Lifetime max. hours/week | 2.8 (4.0), 0–20 | 3.1 (4.0), 0–20 | 3.6 (5.0), 0–20 | 1.6 (2.3), 0–10 |
| Current hours/week | 0.6 (1.4), 0–10 | 0.5 (0.6), 0–2 | 0.9 (2.0), 0–10 | 0.5 (1.4), 0–7 |
| Gold‐MSI a | ||||
| Active engagement | 33.6 (9.2), 12–57 | 32.9 (9.7), 12–48 | 34.2 (10.3), 12–57 | 33.8 (6.7), 22–47 |
| Perceptual abilities | 48.3 (9.1), 24–62 | 48.3 (9.4), 30–62 | 50.0 (8.9), 24–61 | 45.9 (9.0), 28–62 |
| Musical training | 22.7 (10.5), 7–43 | 24.2 (12.4), 7–43 | 22.0 (8.9), 7–37 | 21.8 (10.0), 7–38 |
| Singing abilities | 30.3 (9.5), 7–45 | 31.2 (9.6), 11–45 | 30.2 (9.3), 7–44 | 29.2 (9.9), 11–42 |
| Emotions | 33.1 (5.5), 17–41 | 33.8 (5.0), 22–40 | 34.2 (5.6), 17–41 | 30.5 (5.5), 18–40 |
| General | 74.4 (22.2), 20–111 | 76.3 (25.1), 27–110 | 74.7 (21.0), 20–111 | 71.6 (20.4), 33–101 |
Note: All values reported as mean (SD), min–max, unless otherwise specified.
a
Goldsmith's Musical Sophistication Index. Categorical scores available for N = 81 (young N = 29; middle‐aged N = 30; older N = 22) due to missing responses.