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. 2024 May 7;16:106. doi: 10.1186/s13102-024-00894-6

Table 5.

Mean (± SD) values of fitness variables for the three groups

Variables Group Before After % change p (Cohen’s d)
Main effect
group
Main effect
time
Interaction
group x time
VO2max (ml/kg/min) BWRTG 28.12 ± 1.71 40.21 ± 2.62 42.99 < 0.001 (1.55)

< 0.001

(1.89)

< 0.001

(1.77)

KRTG 29.07 ± 1.60 41.18 ± 2.93 41.66
CG 30.03 ± 2.22 30.83 ± 30.2 2.66
Push-ups (numbers) BWRTG 19.1 ± 1.37 20.45 ± 1.43 7.07

0.401

(0.35)

< 0.001

(1.47)

0.515

(0.29)

KRTG 19.15 ± 2.18 20.90 ± 1.41 9.14
CG 18.90 ± 1.86 19.95 ± 1.76 5.56
Sit-ups (numbers) BWRTG 22.85 ± 2.30 25.4 ± 1.27 11.16 0.797 (0.20)

< 0.001

(2)

0.002

(1.0)

KRTG 22.95 ± 1.82 25 ± 1.17 8.93
CG 23.55 ± 1.64 24.1 ± 1.52 2.34
Sit and reach (cm) BWRTG 22.85 ± 1.76 25.4 ± 1.27 11.16

0.368

(0. 35)

< 0.001

(2.04)

0.007

(0.87)

KRTG 21.95 ± 2.61 25 ± 1.17 13.90
CG 23.2 ± 2.28 24.1 ± 1.52 3.88

Data are mean values (± SDs), BWRTG: body weight resistance training trained group KRTG: Kettlebell training group, CG: control group