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. 2024 May 8;14:10607. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-60980-0

Table 4.

Results of linear mixed effect model with p values reported for ease of interpretation. Using emotion as the outcome variable, expression of guilt as opposed to at least one of the comparison emotions was significantly predicted by level of display of 4-Brow Lowerer, 12-Lip Corner Puller, head tilt down, turning the head, and touching the face.

Estimate Std. Error t p 95% CI
4 Brow Lowerer − 0.013 0.004 − 3.181 0.002** − 0.021 to − 0.005
12 Lip Corner Puller 0.014 0.005 2.581 0.010* 0.003–0.024
14 Dimpler 0.003 0.012 0.242 0.809 − 0.020–0.026
15 Lip Corner Depressor 0.007 0.009 0.716 0.474 − 0.011–0.024
20 Lip Stretcher − 0.005 0.007 − 0.669 0.504 − 0.018–0.009
24 Lip Pressor 0.007 0.005 1.384 0.167 − 0.003–0.017
Tilt Down 0.018 0.006 3.116 0.002** 0.007–0.030
Turn Head − 0.015 0.006 − 2.495 0.013* − 0.027 to − 0.003
Touch Face − 0.012 0.005 − 2.281 0.023* − 0.022 to − 0.002
Gaze 0.003 0.003 0.790 0.430 − 0.004–0.009