Table 3.

Data by country.

Country	RN Title	Education Requirements	Length of Program	Licensure Exam	Primary Care Job Title	Mandatory Primary Care Education	Specialty Traininga Available	Referencesb
Australia	Registered Nurse	Bachelor degree Master degree	3 years 2 years	No	Primary care nurse General practice nurse	None	Yes	(Government of New South Wales 2020, National Council of State Boards of Nursing 2020, Nursing and Midwifery Board of Australia 2019, Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development 2016)
Austria	Registered Nurse	Bachelor degree Diploma	3 years	Yes	No specific titlec	None	No	(Euroguidance Austria 2021, Glarcher and Lex, 2020, Hoffmann et al., 2015, Kringos et al., 2015b)
Belgium	Nurse	Bachelor degree Diploma	4 years 3 years	No	No specific titlec	None	Yes	(Intercultural Education of Nurses in Europe 2020, Intercultural Education of Nurses in Europe 2020, Sermeus et al., 2010, Storms and Claes, 2017)
Canada	Registered Nurse	Bachelor degree Diplomad	2-4 years 3 years	Yes	Primary care nurse Family practice nurse	None	Yes	(Almost, 2021, Canadian Family Practice Nurses Association 2021, College of Nurses of Ontario 2014, National Council of State Boards of Nursing 2020, Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development 2016)
Czech Republic	General Nurse	Bachelor degree Diploma	3 years	Yes	No specific titlec	None	Yes	(Kringos et al., 2015b, National Council of State Boards of Nursing 2020, Tóthová and Sedláková, 2008, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice 2017)
Estonia	General Nurse	Diploma	3.5 years	No	Family nurse Community nurse	None	Yes	(De Maeseneer, 2016, National Council of State Boards of Nursing 2020, Tallinn Health Care College 2017, Tallinn Health Care College 2019)
Finland	Registered Nurse	Bachelor degree	3.5-4.5 years	Yes	No specific titlec	None	No	(Maijala et al., 2016, National Council of State Boards of Nursing 2020, Råholm et al., 2010, Robinson and Griffiths, 2007, Suutarla, 2020)
France	Nurse	Diploma	3 years	Yes	Liberal nurse	None	No	(Debout et al., 2012, Institut de Formation Interhospitalier Théodore Simon 2021, National Council of State Boards of Nursing 2020, Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development 2016)
Iceland	Registered Nurse	Bachelor degree	4 years	No	Primary health care nurse	None	Yes	(Minister of Welfare, Iceland 2012, National Council of State Boards of Nursing 2020, Svavardottir, 2008, University of Iceland 2020)
Indonesia	Professional Nurse	Bachelor degree Master degree	4 years 2 years	No	No specific titlec	None	Yes	(Shields and Hartati, 2003, Suba and Scruth, 2015)
Israel	Registered Nurse	Bachelor degree Diploma	4 years 2.5 years	Yes	Community nurse	None	Yes	(Ministry of Health 2020, National Council of State Boards of Nursing 2020, Nirel et al., 2012, Oren and Ben Natan, 2011, Sela-Vilensky et al., 2020)
Japan	Registered Nurse	Bachelor degree Associate degree Diploma	4 years 2-3 years 3 years	Yes	No specific titlec	None	Yes	(Japanese Nursing Association 2020, Japanese Nursing Association 2016, Japan Primary Care Association, 2020, Robinson and Griffiths, 2007)
Latvia	Nurse	Bachelor degree Diploma	4 years 3 years	Yes	No specific titlec	None	Yes	(European Observatory on Health Care Systems 2001, National Council of State Boards of Nursing 2020, Riga Medical College of the University of Latvia 2021)
Netherlands	Registered Nurse	Bachelor degree Diploma	4 years	Yes	Primary care nurse General practice nurse	None	Yes	(Kringos et al., 2015a, National Council of State Boards of Nursing 2020, Rafferty et al., 2019, Robinson and Griffiths, 2007)
New Zealand	Registered Nurse	Bachelor degree Master degree	3 years 2 years	Yes	Primary health care nurse	None	Yes	(Mid-Central District Health Board 2019, New Zealand College of Primary Health Care Nurses 2014, Nursing Council of New Zealand 2020)
Norway	Authorised General Nurse	Bachelor degree	3 years	No	District nurse	None	No	(Clancy et al., 2013, National Council of State Boards of Nursing 2020, Råholm et al., 2010, Robinson and Griffiths, 2007)
Portugal	Registered Nurse	Bachelor degree	4 years	No	Family nurse	None	Yes	(Barbieri-Figueiredo et al., 2017, Fronteira et al., 2020, National Council of State Boards of Nursing 2020)
Slovakia	Nurse	Bachelor degree	3 years	Yes	No specific titlec	None	Yes	(Dimunová, 2020, Kringos et al., 2015b, National Council of State Boards of Nursing 2020)
Slovenia	Registered Nurse	Diploma	3 years	No	No specific titlec	Nonee	Yes	(Ljubic et al., 2016, National Council of State Boards of Nursing 2020, Rafferty et al., 2019)
Spain	General Care Nurse	Bachelor degree	4 years	No	No specific titlec	None	Yes	(González Jurado, 2015, Hämel et al., 2020, National Council of State Boards of Nursing 2020, Rafferty et al., 2019)
Switzerland	Registered Nurse	Bachelor degree Diploma	3 years	Yes	No specific titlec	None	No	(Josi and Bianchi, 2019, Rafferty et al., 2019, Robinson and Griffiths, 2007)
Turkey	Nurse	Bachelor degree	4 years	No	Family health employee	None	No	(Ankara University 2020, Bahçecik and Alpar, 2009, National Council of State Boards of Nursing 2020, Republic of Turkey 2013)
United Kingdom	Registered Nurse	Bachelor degree	3 years	No	General practice nurse	None	Yes	(General Practice Nurse Education Network 2021a, National Council of State Boards of Nursing 2020, The Queen's Nursing Institute 2015, Robinson and Griffiths, 2007)
United States	Registered Nurse	Bachelor degree Associate degree Diploma	3-4 years 2 years 2-3 years	Yes	No specific titlec	None	No	(National Council of State Boards of Nursing 2020, Norful et al., 2017, Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development 2016, Smolowitz et al., 2015)

RN = Registered nurse.

^aThis specialty training is specific to programs or courses focused on primary care nursing (or equivalent). This does not include programs or training for specialty nursing skills within primary care, such as well-women care or nurse prescriber. As well, this does not consider educational programs that progress qualifications to an Advanced Practice Nurse or Nurse Practitioner. Key informants were not asked to verify or provide this information.

^bReferences are in addition to personal communication with respective key informant(s).

^cThis indicates that the data was verified by key informants and it was confirmed that no specific job titles are used to identify RNs in primary care. Rather, protected titles, such as RN or General Nurse, are used in primary care just as they are in other settings.

^dCollege diploma option available in province of Quebec only.

^eThere is one exception in Slovenia. Education modules are required to practice in one area of primary care (model of family practice).