Box 1.

Normalisation process theory constructs and how they are applied to the CHICO intervention

Core construct	Explanation	How applied to CHICO
Coherence	The meaning of the intervention to people and sense-making work they do to operationalise new practices. Individuals’ clarity regarding the purpose of the intervention	How do clinicians understand the CHICO intervention and its purpose?
Cognitive participation	Whether there is buy-in from the people who are responsible for implementing the intervention. Work that individuals and organisations necessarily do to enrol individuals to engage with the intervention	Do clinicians engage with the CHICO intervention and how is this achieved?
Collective action	The work that people do to put new interventions and their components into operation. The work that individuals must do to make the intervention function	What do clinicians do to use CHICO in their practice?
Reflexive monitoring	Participants’ reflection or appraisal of the intervention	How do clinicians reflect on their use of the CHICO intervention? How do they think it can be improved for future use in this context?