Table 1.
Overview of research sites, participants, local area profiles, and site descriptions
| Practice research site (number of participants) | Profile of local authority | Profile of practice, including characteristics of local area as described by participants | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| % ‘White’a | Rural/urban classificationb | IMD rankc | Summary | Quotes | |
| S1 (n = 3) | 94.0 | Urban with city and town | 50 | ∼12 500 patients. High deprivation area. Specialists in substance misuse. Contract for homeless outreach. Social prescriber and MH worker. |
‘Most deprived practice in the city … top 10% of most deprived practices in the country. We see a huge amount of mental health, substance misuse. We’re specialists in substance misuse … We hold the contract for the Outreach to the Homeless Service, and we take our care out to hostels.’ (PracticeManager-1) ‘We have a social prescriber through the Additional Role[s] Reimbursement Scheme, with the PCNs … that works in our practice … We’ve got a mental health worker.’ (PracticeManager-1) |
| S2 (n = 5) | 84.0 | Urban with major conurbation | 1 | ∼3500 patients. High deprivation area. Provide drug misuse services and SAS services. Counsellor. |
‘One of the areas of England with the highest index of multiple deprivation.’ (PracticeManager-2) ‘Inequalities … massive … lack of job opportunities, education, housing, you name it … high asylum seeker community … a really, really, diverse area.’ (PracticeManager-2) ‘We provide a drug misuse service … SAS service … for patients who have been removed from their practice having behaved in a way that warranted the police being called.’ (GP-2) ‘We have an onsite counsellor who’s available for brief interventions.’ (GP-2) |
| S3 (n = 4) | 97.6 | Largely rural | 75 | ∼7000 patients. Link workers and MH workers. | ‘We have link workers, and … primary mental health workers.’ (GP-3) |
| S4 (n = 4) | 70.7 | Urban with city and town | 180 | ∼7000 patients. University-linked practice. High numbers of students and patients from overseas. Wellbeing worker. |
‘We have a young population … we also have a lot of overseas families and students.’ (PracticeManager-4) ‘We have a … [wellbeing] worker who comes to the practice who doesn’t provide therapy as such but is very good for exploring complex issues and kind of way finding and thinking about other resources that may be needed or accessible to a particular patient.’ (GP-4) |
| S5 (n = 4) | 48.6 | Urban with major conurbation | 7 | ∼5500 patients. High deprivation area. MH worker and social prescriber. |
‘High deprivation area … one of the most deprived communities in … in England, so lowest 10%.’ (GP-5) ‘We have a mental health worker … social prescribers.’ (PracticeManager-5) |
a
2021 Census, percentage of people classing themselves as ‘White’, with the average in England being 81.0%.23
b
2011 Census.24
c
Indices of Multiple Deprivation (IMD) summaries for local authority districts;25 rank of proportion of lower layer super output areas in most deprived 10% nationally, with 1 being the highest rank for deprivation and 195 being the lowest. MH = mental health. PCN = primary care network. SAS = Special Allocation Scheme.