Table 5.
Quality assessment of the non-in vitro studies (MMAT).
| Study ID | Study design | Items | Score | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2.1 | 2.2 | 2.3 | 2.4 | 2.5 | |||
| Tallarico et al. 46 | RCT | Y | Y | Y | Can't tell | Y | 4 |
| Lee et al. 40 | RCT | Y | Y | Y | Can't tell | Y | 4 |
| Zhang et al. 34 | RCT | N | Y | Y | Can't tell | Y | 4 |
| 3.1 | 3.2 | 3.3 | 3.4 | 3.5 | |||
| Ritter et al. 32 | Retrospective | Can't tell | Y | Y | N | Y | 3 |
| Tarsitano et al. 45 | Retrospective | Can't tell | Y | Y | N | Y | 3 |
| Ku et al. 48 | Retrospective | Can't tell | Y | Y | N | Y | 3 |
MMAT: Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool; N: no; RCT: randomized controlled trial; Y: yes.