FIGURE 1.

Schematic summary of the study design. Ascaris suum were collected, washed and incubated for three days in culture medium supplemented with antibiotics/antimycotics. The conditioned media (excretory/secretory products [ESPs]) was tested for bacterial contamination (agar plates and mycoplasma activity) before being cleared from eggs and debris by centrifugation. Before EV separation, the ESPs were concentrated on 10 kDa filters. EVs were separated by either size exclusion chromatography (SEC), ultracentrifugation (UC) or a combination of both. These methods were compared based on EV characterisations analysed using nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA), atomic force microscopy (AFM), BCA, COlorimetric NANoplasmonic (CONAN) assay, silver stain, endotoxin assay and functional studies using a cell line (THP‐1) and human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). Created with BioRender.com