Table 20.

Church classification according to table by Church et al.

Stage
I	Asymptomatic, <10 cm maximum diameter, and not growing
II	Mildly symptomatic (sensation of mass, pain, but no restriction), <10 cm maximum diameter, and not growing
III	Moderately symptomatic (sensation of mass, pain, restrictive but not hospitalized) or bowel/ureteric obstruction, or 10–20 cm, or slowly growing
IV	Severely symptomatic (sensation of mass, pain; restrictive and hospitalized), or >20 cm, or rapidly growing