Table 3.

The mediating effect of work alienation.

Model path	β	S.E.	p	95% Confidence interval
				Lower	Upper
Total effect	0.195	0.055	0.000	0.093	0.311
Direct effect	0.120	0.051	0.019	0.026	0.233
Indirect effect(WCBA→WA → TBB)	0.075	0.024	0.002	0.034	0.131

N = 429; WCBA, work connectivity behavior after-hours; WA, work alienation; TBB, time banditry behavior; Bootstrap = 5,000 times.