Table 1.
Case 1 | Case 2 | Case 3 | |
---|---|---|---|
Diagnostic classification | PSP-RS* | PSP-RS* | PSP-RS† |
Age at symptom onset (yr) | 67 | 60 | 57 |
Ancestry; sex | Chinese (Malaysia); female | Chinese (Malaysia); female | Chinese (Singapore); male |
Family history | Negative (note: patient was a single child) | Negative | Negative |
Main clinical features | Recurrent falls due to imbalance, starting from ~1.5 y after symptom onset; slurred speech; vertical > horizontal supranuclear gaze palsy; mildly impaired cognition | Recurrent falls due to imbalance within 1st year of symptom onset; dragging speech; slowing of up-saccades; cognitive including memory dysfunction; depressive symptoms; insomnia (but no RBD symptoms) | Typical features presenting with recurrent falls (further records N/A as already deceased) |
Brain MRI features | Cerebral atrophy; mild hummingbird sign | Unremarkable (but mid-sagittal image not available) | Generalized cerebral atrophy |
Case 1 is reported in detail within the text. Diagnosed by *S.Y.L. or †E.K.T., applying the Movement Disorder Society clinical diagnostic criteria for progressive supranuclear palsy. [1,2]
N/A, not available; PSP-RS, progressive supranuclear palsy, Richardson syndrome subtype; RBD, rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder; MRI, magnetic resonance imaging.