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. 2024 Apr 25;26:e56417. doi: 10.2196/56417

Table 3.

Repeated measures ANOVA of outcome scores.

Variables Outcome scores, mean (SD) Time Group Time×group

Intervention Control F test (df=1) P value F test (df=1) P value F test (df=1) P value
Speech intelligibility 34.35 <.001 6.18 .02 6.91 .01

Baseline 1.56 (0.89) 2.31 (1.30)






Postintervention 0.69 (1.09) 1.98 (1.43)





U-TAP2a (%) 5.57 .03 3.52 .07 4.13 .05

Baseline 95.67 (3.33) 91.41 (7.34)






Postintervention 95.88 (2.93) 94.22 (4.38)





NIHSSb dysarthria 21.18 <.001 5.52 .03 5.29 .03

Baseline 1.00 (0.00) 1.06 (0.25)






Postintervention 0.44 (0.51) 0.87 (0.50)





PHQ-9c 1.42 .24 8.33 .007 0.66 .42

Baseline 5.88 (5.26) 12.13 (7.07)






Postintervention 5.38 (4.10) 9.50 (7.98)





GAD-7d 2.09 .16 2.15 .15 0.13 .91

Baseline 5.25 (5.25) 7.69 (6.87)






Postintervention 3.56 (4.87) 6.25 (6.05)





EQ-5D-3L 13.25 <.001 3.64 .07 0.76 .79

Baseline 0.73 (0.28) 0.57 (0.30)






Postintervention 0.87 (0.12) 0.74 (0.25)





EQ-VAS 7.74 .009 6.06 .02 0.15 .70

Baseline 69.88 (15.24) 52.19 (28.28)






Postintervention 79.06 (14.17) 64.31 (25.10)





mCSESe 2.99 .09 10.81 .003 0.97 .33

Baseline 66.50 (33.28) 40.56 (26.48)






Postintervention 77.88 (25.01) 43.69 (28.38)





aU-TAP2: Urimal Test of Articulation and Phonology 2.

bNIHSS: National Institute of Health Stroke Scale.

cPHQ-9: Patient Health Questionnaire-9.

dGAD-7: Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-Item Scale.

emCSES: Modified Computer Self-Efficacy Scale.