Table 3.
Repeated measures ANOVA of outcome scores.
| Variables | Outcome scores, mean (SD) | Time | Group | Time×group | |||||||||||||
| 
 | 
Intervention | Control | F test (df=1) | P value | F test (df=1) | P value | F test (df=1) | P value | |||||||||
| Speech intelligibility | 34.35 | <.001 | 6.18 | .02 | 6.91 | .01 | |||||||||||
| 
 | 
Baseline | 1.56 (0.89) | 2.31 (1.30) | 
 | 
 | 
 | 
 | 
 | 
 | 
||||||||
| 
 | 
Postintervention | 0.69 (1.09) | 1.98 (1.43) | 
 | 
 | 
 | 
 | 
 | 
 | 
||||||||
| U-TAP2a (%) | 5.57 | .03 | 3.52 | .07 | 4.13 | .05 | |||||||||||
| 
 | 
Baseline | 95.67 (3.33) | 91.41 (7.34) | 
 | 
 | 
 | 
 | 
 | 
 | 
||||||||
| 
 | 
Postintervention | 95.88 (2.93) | 94.22 (4.38) | 
 | 
 | 
 | 
 | 
 | 
 | 
||||||||
| NIHSSb dysarthria | 21.18 | <.001 | 5.52 | .03 | 5.29 | .03 | |||||||||||
| 
 | 
Baseline | 1.00 (0.00) | 1.06 (0.25) | 
 | 
 | 
 | 
 | 
 | 
 | 
||||||||
| 
 | 
Postintervention | 0.44 (0.51) | 0.87 (0.50) | 
 | 
 | 
 | 
 | 
 | 
 | 
||||||||
| PHQ-9c | 1.42 | .24 | 8.33 | .007 | 0.66 | .42 | |||||||||||
| 
 | 
Baseline | 5.88 (5.26) | 12.13 (7.07) | 
 | 
 | 
 | 
 | 
 | 
 | 
||||||||
| 
 | 
Postintervention | 5.38 (4.10) | 9.50 (7.98) | 
 | 
 | 
 | 
 | 
 | 
 | 
||||||||
| GAD-7d | 2.09 | .16 | 2.15 | .15 | 0.13 | .91 | |||||||||||
| 
 | 
Baseline | 5.25 (5.25) | 7.69 (6.87) | 
 | 
 | 
 | 
 | 
 | 
 | 
||||||||
| 
 | 
Postintervention | 3.56 (4.87) | 6.25 (6.05) | 
 | 
 | 
 | 
 | 
 | 
 | 
||||||||
| EQ-5D-3L | 13.25 | <.001 | 3.64 | .07 | 0.76 | .79 | |||||||||||
| 
 | 
Baseline | 0.73 (0.28) | 0.57 (0.30) | 
 | 
 | 
 | 
 | 
 | 
 | 
||||||||
| 
 | 
Postintervention | 0.87 (0.12) | 0.74 (0.25) | 
 | 
 | 
 | 
 | 
 | 
 | 
||||||||
| EQ-VAS | 7.74 | .009 | 6.06 | .02 | 0.15 | .70 | |||||||||||
| 
 | 
Baseline | 69.88 (15.24) | 52.19 (28.28) | 
 | 
 | 
 | 
 | 
 | 
 | 
||||||||
| 
 | 
Postintervention | 79.06 (14.17) | 64.31 (25.10) | 
 | 
 | 
 | 
 | 
 | 
 | 
||||||||
| mCSESe | 2.99 | .09 | 10.81 | .003 | 0.97 | .33 | |||||||||||
| 
 | 
Baseline | 66.50 (33.28) | 40.56 (26.48) | 
 | 
 | 
 | 
 | 
 | 
 | 
||||||||
| 
 | 
Postintervention | 77.88 (25.01) | 43.69 (28.38) | 
 | 
 | 
 | 
 | 
 | 
 | 
||||||||
aU-TAP2: Urimal Test of Articulation and Phonology 2.
bNIHSS: National Institute of Health Stroke Scale.
cPHQ-9: Patient Health Questionnaire-9.
dGAD-7: Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-Item Scale.
emCSES: Modified Computer Self-Efficacy Scale.