Table 4.
Multinomial regression models between Coronary Artery Calcium Score and dietary patterns. São Paulo (SP), Brasil, 2019
| CAC 1–100 (reference CAC = 0) | CAC > 100 (reference CAC = 0) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR | 95 % CI | P | OR | 95 % CI | P | |||
| Model 1* | ||||||||
| Convenience pattern** | 0·85 | 0·72 | 0·99 | 0·050 | 1·19 | 0·97 | 1·48 | 0·100 |
| Plant-based and dairy pattern** | 1·10 | 0·97 | 1·25 | 0·129 | 1·10 | 0·93 | 1·31 | 0·259 |
| Brazilian traditional pattern** | 0·91 | 0·79 | 1·04 | 0·176 | 0·65 | 0·54 | 0·79 | <0·001 |
| Model 2† | ||||||||
| Convenience pattern** | 0·99 | 0·82 | 1·20 | 0·949 | 1·31 | 1·04 | 1·67 | 0·024 |
| Plant-based and dairy pattern ** | 1·13 | 0·99 | 1·30 | 0·069 | 1·10 | 0·91 | 1·32 | 0·324 |
| Brazilian traditional pattern** | 0·79 | 0·68 | 0·92 | 0·003 | 0·60 | 0·49 | 0·73 | <0·001 |
| Model 3‡ | ||||||||
| Convenience pattern** | 1·04 | 0·86 | 1·27 | 0·644 | 1·29 | 0·99 | 1·68 | 0·061 |
| Plant-based and dairy pattern** | 1·09 | 0·93 | 1·28 | 0·279 | 0·99 | 0·79 | 1·25 | 0·951 |
| Brazilian traditional pattern** | 0·92 | 0·78 | 1·09 | 0·354 | 0·77 | 0·61 | 0·97 | 0·026 |
| Model 4§ | ||||||||
| Convenience pattern** | 1·04 | 0·85 | 1·27 | 0·693 | 1·31 | 1·00 | 1·71 | 0·048 |
| Plant-based and dairy pattern** | 1·16 | 0·98 | 1·37 | 0·080 | 1·06 | 0·84 | 1·34 | 0·622 |
| Brazilian traditional pattern** | 0·92 | 0·77 | 1·09 | 0·321 | 0·76 | 0·60 | 0·97 | 0·025 |
| Model 5|| | ||||||||
| Convenience pattern** | 1·04 | 0·85 | 1·26 | 0·699 | 1·31 | 1·00 | 1·72 | 0·047 |
| Plant-based and dairy pattern** | 1·16 | 0·98 | 1·37 | 0·075 | 1·08 | 0·85 | 1·36 | 0·546 |
| Brazilian traditional pattern** | 0·92 | 0·77 | 1·09 | 0·333 | 0·78 | 0·61 | 0·99 | 0·040 |
| Model 6¶ | ||||||||
| Convenience pattern** | 1·05 | 0·86 | 1·28 | 0·621 | 1·33 | 1·02 | 1·74 | 0·036 |
| Plant-based and dairy pattern** | 1·17 | 0·99 | 1·39 | 0·059 | 1·08 | 0·85 | 1·38 | 0·525 |
| Brazilian traditional pattern** | 0·91 | 0·76 | 1·08 | 0·285 | 0·76 | 0·60 | 0·97 | 0·027 |
*
Model adjusted by energy.
**
A proportional odds model for each dietary pattern.
†
Model adjusted by energy, dietary intake of total fat, saturated fat and fibre, and urinary Na.
‡
Model adjusted by all variables used in model 2 plus sex, age, race/colour and education.
§
Model adjusted by all variables used in model 3 plus smoking, alcohol consumption and physical activity.
||
Model adjusted by all variables used in model 4 plus BMI.
¶
Model adjusted by all variables used in model 4 plus BMI, hypertension, dyslipidaemia and diabetes.