Table 4.

Multiple logistic regression estimated OR (95 % CI) for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) by individual lifestyle factors in all subjects, men and women^*

	All subjects (n † = 2981/1515)				Men (n 954/515)				Women (n 2027/1000)
	n	OR	95 % CI	P-value	n	OR	95 % CI	P-value	n	OR	95 % CI	P-value
No smoking
No	951/499	Ref.			432/243	Ref.			519/256	Ref.
Yes	2030/1016	0·94	0·80, 1·11	0·464	522/272	0·94	0·72, 1·24	0·676	1508/744	0·93	0·73, 1·19	0·575
Standard BMI (18·5 ≤ BMI < 24·0 kg/m2)
No	1084/708	Ref.			87/63	Ref.			997/645	Ref.
Yes	1897/807	0·30	0·25, 0·36	<0·001	867/452	0·37	0·22, 0·61	<0·001	1030/355	0·28	0·23, 0·35	<0·001
Physically active (moderate or vigorous physical activity ≥ 150 min/week)
No	1581/846	Ref.			532/309	Ref.			1049/537	Ref.
Yes	1400/69	0·81	0·69, 0·94	0·006	422/206	0·64	0·49, 0·84	<0·001	978/463	0·87	0·71, 1·08	0·211
Healthy diet pattern (modified aMed score: 5–8)
No	1760/895	Ref.			619/333	Ref.			1141/552	Ref.
Yes	1221/620	0·88	0·74, 1·03	0·105	335/182	0·91	0·68, 1·21	0·505	886/448	0·87	0·70, 1·09	0·226
Good sleep (no insomnia or <6 months)
No	178/91	Ref.			42/23	Ref.			136/69	Ref.
Yes	2803/1424	0·73	0·53, 1·00	0·054	912/492	0·75	0·39, 1·45	0·391	1891/931	0·92	0·54, 1·56	0·743
No anxiety (Self-Rating Anxiety Scale <50)
No	303/160	Ref.			60/27	Ref.			243/133	Ref.
Yes	2678/1355	0·92	0·72, 1·19	0·543	594/488	1·65	0·94, 2·88	0·080	1784/867	0·75	0·53, 1·06	0·103

Modified aMed score, modified alternate Mediterranean diet score; Ref., Reference category.

^*All analyses were adjusted for age, sex (for all subjects only), marital status, education level, household income, history of using statins, daily energy intake and other factors of Healthy Lifestyle Score. For women, menopausal age and oral oestrogen use were further adjusted.

^†The number of total subjects and NAFLD cases, expressed as total/cases.