| amorphous SiO2
|
sol–gels,
sol–gels
plus additives |
lysozyme,
α-lactalbumin,
hemoglobin, metmyoglobin, creatine kinase, hexokinase, heme proteins,
glucose oxidase, peroxidases, catalase, tyrosinase, lactate dehydrogenase,
urease, bovine carbonic anhydrase, alkaline phosphatase, acetylcholinesterase,
butyrylcholinesterase, acid phosphatase, xylanase |
(87−95,101−103) |
| amorphous
SiO2
|
aerogel |
glucose oxidase, acid phosphatase,
xylanase |
(95) |
| Au-immobilized protein in
SiO2
|
aerogel |
cytochrome c
|
(104) |
| sucrose, trehalose, and
leucine |
sprayed or
lyophilized glass |
lysozyme, rubella vaccine,
and influenza antigen |
(105−108) |
| sucrose,
glycerol, maltose,
maltodextrin, sorbitol, 1,6-anhydroglucose, and trehalose |
freeze-dried glass |
igG1, monoclonal antibody,
cytokines, pepsin, plasma components, trypsin lysozyme and catalase |
(109−114) |
| trehalose |
convective air drying |
whey protein |
(115) |
| micelles/reverse
micelles |
zwitterionic
surfactants,
block copolymers |
cytochrome c, laccase spore coat protein A |
(116,117) |
